Climate Change Effects on Supply and Demand of Rice in India

Abstract

Climate Change Effects on Supply and Demand of Rice in India production and cultivation areas are greater than those of other crops. And since 2012, India has overtaken Thailand as the world's largest rice exporter. In 2013, India's share of world rice exports was 30.1% and subject to wide fluctuations according to domestic production. The share of total exports to the total production of rice in the world was only 6.0% in 2013. Therefore, the world rice market is relatively small compared to the domestic rice market, and India's rice production strongly affects the world food market. Rice in India is grown mainly in irrigated and rainfed areas. In the total rice area, the respective percentages of irrigated, rain-fed, and flood-prone rice areas are about 49.5%, 45.9% and 4.6%, respectively (Directorate of Rice Development 2014). In particular, rice production in rain-fed areas is highly sensitive to climate conditions. Goswami et al. (2006) detected two abnormal climatic phenomena in India: (1) considerable increases in the frequency and magnitude of extreme rain events, and (2) marked decreases in the frequency of moderate events over central India during the

Assessing the Impacts of Climate Variations on the Potato Production in Bangladesh: A Supply and Demand Model Approach

“…The potato yield, area, imports, and demand functions were estimated based on work reported by Hung et al and Furuya et al to develop an outlook with regard to the variation in the supply and market price of potatoes as a result of climate change [30,47]. Their model's basic mathematical expressions were followed and improved for this study by adding climatic variables to generate the potato supply and demand model.…”

“…Similarly, the yield variation was higher under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 6.0 (2.0-3.7 • C) than under RCP 8.5 (3.2-5.4 • C) where each scenario is more suitable for the South Asian region, including Bangladesh [29]. Another study revealed that climate change harmed the rice yield in India; more specifically, higher temperatures lowered rice yields in most states, except for those states at high altitudes [30]. Researchers have also emphasized the supply and demand elasticities of major agricultural commodities in the U.S.A. [31].…”

“…Researchers have also emphasized the supply and demand elasticities of major agricultural commodities in the U.S.A. [31]. Studies have proven that supply and demand models are effective and fruitful approaches for elucidating the consequences of climate change on the production and market price dynamics of different enterprises [29,30,32].…”

Evaluating the Contribution of Soybean Rust- Resistant Cultivars to Soybean Production and the Soybean Market in Brazil: A Supply and Demand Model Analysis

“…To investigate the effects of damage due to SBR on the supply and demand of soybeans and soybean products, we used a supply and demand model based on the models of Koizumi and Ohga [24] and Hung et al [28]. We modified the original model and used state-level data.…”

“…Johansen cointegration tests were applied in the next step if the variables had unit roots. If the variables did not have cointegrating relations, then difference functions were applied, as described in Hung et al [28].…”