Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation on the Water Resources and Agriculture in Vietnam: Case Studies in Mekong and Red River Deltas

Thuc, Tran; Thang, Nguyen Van; Trong, Tran Dinh

doi:10.3850/s1793924012100043

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The coefficient of variation (C v ) is low (0.11 to 0.22), indicating relatively stable annual rainfall in the province. Although we did not calculate the above values considering the impact factor of climate change, our results imply that climate change did not have much influence on the total rainfall amount, excluding the changes in rainfall patterns [9].…”

Section: Rainwater Characteristics Related To Harvesting Capacitymentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Ca Mau covers nine (9) districts and is one of the seven (7) coastal provinces (i.e., Kien Giang, Bac Lieu) located in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (Figure 1), with a total natural area of 5242.5 km 2 , equivalent to 13.1% of the delta region's area and 1.58% of the national Recent studies have investigated the negative impacts of groundwater overexploitation, such as land subsidence in Ca Mau Province, and the need to sustain this resource [34,35]. Restricting groundwater usage while improving rainwater harvesting could alleviate depletion effects, but it remains underexplored in the province and most other coastal provinces in the VMD.…”

Section: Study Area and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Area and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, climate change has increased its impacts by altering rainfall patterns, increasing temperatures, and negatively affecting water sources, leading to serious consequences for water security and causing severe livelihood disruptions, particularly for impoverished populations in particularly rural and coastal areas [5]. Despite the attention and research on water scarcity or excess and clean water issues [2,[6][7][8], the consequences are escalating, demanding effective solutions, especially in poorer and developing countries and particularly in rural and coastal rural areas facing challenges such as climate change and sea-level rise driving environmental issues like salinity intrusion [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Exploitation of Rainwater and Groundwater: A Strategy for Water Self-Sufficiency in Ca Mau Province of the Mekong Delta

Vinh,

Tran,

Cham

et al. 2024

Hydrology

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Groundwater sources have been exploited excessively for numerous purposes worldwide, leading to increasingly severe depletion. However, the replenishment of groundwater sources has not usually been a focus in economically and socially underdeveloped countries and regions. In coastal provinces of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), rural areas are facing difficulties in accessing fresh water due to shortages from the water supply plant and excessive use of groundwater, highlighting an urgent need for sustainable development solutions. Our study first conducted interviews with 200 households in Ca Mau Province of the VMD to identify the current situation and the challenges and obstacles of rainwater harvesting and to find sustainable and proactive solutions. We then analyzed daily rainfall data from 10 meteorological stations to construct four scenarios of the water balance method: (i) potential rainwater harvesting based on existing roof area; (ii) optimal scale of storage tank and catchments for different levels of water usage; (iii) tank scale utilizing rainwater entirely during the rainy season and basic needs during the dry season; and (iv) integrated water supply between rain and groundwater. The results showed that using rainwater entirely for domestic water supply requires large storage tank capacities, making these scenarios difficult to achieve in the near future. Our research introduces a novel integrated water supply approach to storing rain and groundwater that has demonstrated high effectiveness and sustainability. With existing tank capacities (0.8 m3 per person), rainwater could only meet over 48% (14 m3 per year) of the water demand while requiring 14.8 m3 of additional groundwater extraction. With a tank capacity of 2.4 m3 per person, ensuring rainwater harvesting meets basic demand, harvested rainwater could satisfy 64% of the demand, with artificial groundwater supplementation exceeding 1.79 times the required extraction, while excess rainwater discharge into the environment would be minimal. Our research results not only provide potential solutions for rainwater and groundwater collection to supplement sustainable domestic water sources for Ca Mau but also serve as an example for similar regions globally.

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Section: Rainwater Characteristics Related To Harvesting Capacitymentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Study Area and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Area and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Integrated Exploitation of Rainwater and Groundwater: A Strategy for Water Self-Sufficiency in Ca Mau Province of the Mekong Delta

Vinh,

Tran,

Cham

et al. 2024

Hydrology

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show abstract

“…Figure 1 highlights the city's location in the Dong Nai-Sai Gon River system. Due to its geography, topography, and urban growth trajectory, several previous studies have identified the city as one of the most exposed to multiple climate-related hazards [38,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Peri-Urbanisation and Urban Transitions between 2010 and 2020 in Ho Chi Minh City using an Urban Structure Type Approach

Downes,

Storch,

Viet

et al. 2024

Urban Science

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This paper contributes to the understanding of the recent urban development of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Previous studies have aimed at quantifying the city’s spatial growth yet have disregarded its inherent morphological and socio-economic heterogeneity. To overcome this knowledge gap, we employ an urban structure type approach for the spatially explicit quantification of urbanisation patterns for the period 2010–⁠2020, categorising 77,000 blocks across the entire administrative area of 2095 km2. The approach allows us to understand the basic underlying processes of urbanisation, both quantitatively and qualitatively, and the main growth corridors along the rural–urban gradient. By contextualizing and combining our findings within current literature and official planning reports, we discern between traditional urban growth and the contemporary new town development patterns, highlighting their driving forces and policy implications. Incremental plot-by-plot development along the northwest development corridor is observed as the principal mode of urban development, whilst bypass urbanisation is seen along both the eastern and southern development corridors. Our block-based results highlight the city’s key growth challenges and provide insights on a scale that is meaningful for official spatial and infrastructure planning, and periodic analysis and monitoring. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first time that an urban structure type approach was applied to understand the rapid urban growth dynamics of an emerging megacity in Southeast Asia.

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Predicting future salinity variability in the Ca Mau Peninsula due to Climate Change

Anh,

Gagnon,

Tanim

et al. 2024

E3S Web Conf.

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The Ca Mau Peninsula (CMP) in Vietnam’s Lower Mekong Delta faces pressing challenges, including sea-level rise (SLR), land subsidence, flooding, and saltwater intrusion. Recent years have witnessed an earlier and more severe dry season, leading to heightened saltwater intrusion. As many CMP provinces rely on the Mekong River for their water supply, they are highly susceptible to prolonged drought and salinization. This study employs the MIKE 11 hydraulic model to project saltwater intrusion scenarios in the CMP up to 2050, based on Vietnam’s 2016 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) SLR projections, considering water regulation from the Cai Lon-Cai Be sluice system. The modelled discharge, water level and salinity were calibrated and validated successfully based on di_erent statistical measures. The projections indicate that saltwater intrusion during the dry season could start 1 to 1.5 months earlier by 2050, with salinity levels exceeding 30 g/l in February. The findings underscore the importance of developing adaptation strategies to address the challenges of climate change and saltwater intrusion, notably in the region’s significant agricultural sector.

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Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation on the Water Resources and Agriculture in Vietnam: Case Studies in Mekong and Red River Deltas

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Integrated Exploitation of Rainwater and Groundwater: A Strategy for Water Self-Sufficiency in Ca Mau Province of the Mekong Delta

Integrated Exploitation of Rainwater and Groundwater: A Strategy for Water Self-Sufficiency in Ca Mau Province of the Mekong Delta

Assessing Peri-Urbanisation and Urban Transitions between 2010 and 2020 in Ho Chi Minh City using an Urban Structure Type Approach

Predicting future salinity variability in the Ca Mau Peninsula due to Climate Change

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