Climate risk to peanut cultivation in Brazil across different planting seasons

Abstract

BACKGROUND Peanuts are widely grown in Brazil because of their great importance in the domestic vegetable oil industry and the succession of sugarcane, soybean and maize crops, contributing to soil conservation and improvement in agricultural areas. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the zoning of peanuts' climatic risk by estimating the water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI) for the crop in Brazil. We used a historical series of data on average air temperature and rainfall between 1980 and 2016. Reference evapotranspiration was estimated using the method of Thornthwaite, and we subsequently calculated crop evapotranspiration and maximum evapotranspiration. Water balances for all stations were calculated using the method of Thornthwaite and Mather, with an available water capacity in the soil of 15, 30 and 45 mm. The definitions of suitable, unfit and restricted areas and the planting season were performed using the WRSI. RESULTS Brazil has low climatic risk areas for growing peanuts throughout the year, except for winter. The country reveals that 88.19%, 97.93%, 99.16% and 39.25% of its area is suitable for planting peanuts on planting dates in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. CONCLUSION Brazil has a large part of the areas favorable to the planting of peanuts. The maximum availability of soil water at a depth of 15, 30 and 45 mm does not influence regions with respect to peanut growing in Brazil. The states of Piauí, Ceará and Bahia are the most unsuitable on the winter planting date, with an average WRSI of 0.22. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry

The Effect of Harvest Dates on Production, Lipid Composition, Aspergillus Section Flavi Contamination, and Aflatoxin Production in High Oleic Acid Peanut Cultivars in Brazil

“…There was no significant difference in peanut yield between the two cultivars ( p = 0.2841) and the different harvest dates ( p = 0.7670). Although both cultivars presented lower yield than their average potential (4500 kg/ha), it was similar to the range reported in the literature (3240–5856 kg/ha for IAC OL3 and 3029–5280 kg/ha for IAC503) . The peanut yield varies according to genetics (cultivars and genotypes) and environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, diseases, and pests .…”

“…Although both cultivars presented lower yield than their average potential (4500 kg/ha), it was similar to the range reported in the literature (3240−5856 kg/ha for IAC OL3 and 3029−5280 kg/ha for IAC503). 4 The peanut yield varies according to genetics (cultivars and genotypes) and environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, diseases, and pests. 36 The 2017−2018 growing season had approximately 770 mm of precipitation.…”

“…36 The 2017−2018 growing season had approximately 770 mm of precipitation. Considering that higher yields require 500 to 700 mm of water, 4 the lower mean yield results in the present study may be related to another environmental condition.…”

“…3 In general, the peanut crop in this state is grown as a rotational crop for sugar cane to improve soil quality. 4 The cycle of the peanut cultivar to be used in sugar cane crop rotation should not exceed 130 days. 5 Therefore, this condition has influenced the peanut cultivar choice to fit the crop into these intervals.…”

“…Nearly 99% of the peanut exported from Brazil is produced in São Paulo state, and the main destination countries are Russia, Algeria, The Netherlands, United Kingdom, Spain, Poland, Colombia, Turkey, Ukraine, South Africa, Australia, and Arab Emirates . In general, the peanut crop in this state is grown as a rotational crop for sugar cane to improve soil quality . The cycle of the peanut cultivar to be used in sugar cane crop rotation should not exceed 130 days .…”