Clinical and subclinical Barmah Forest virus infection in Queensland

Phillips, D.; Murray, Janna; Aaskov, John; Wiemers, Margaret A.

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb125304.x

Cited by 70 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These infections were once diagnosed purely on clinical grounds, and thus were inseparable (Phillips et al 1990). The introduction of serology blood testing made it possible to describe and diagnose these infections as separate virus illnesses.…”

Section: Introduction E Pidemic Polyarthritis (Epa) Is the Previous Nmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ross River Virus and Barmah Forest Virus Infections: A Review of History, Ecology, and Predictive Models, with Implications for Tropical Northern Australia

Jacups

Whelan

Currie³

2008

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

143

128

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The purpose of the present article is to present a review of the Ross River virus (RRV) and Barmah Forest virus (BFV) literature in relation to potential implications for future disease in tropical northern Australia. Ross River virus infection is the most common and most widespread arboviral disease in Australia, with an average of 4,800 national notifications annually. Of recent concern is the sudden rise in BFV infections; the 2005-2006 summer marked the largest BFV epidemic on record in Australia, with 1,895 notifications. Although not life-threatening, infection with either virus can cause arthritis, myalgia, and fatigue for 6 months or longer, resulting in substantial morbidity and economic impact. The geographic distribution of mosquito species and their seasonal activity is determined in large part by temperature and rainfall. Predictive models can be useful tools in providing early warning systems for epidemics of RRV and BFV infection. Various models have been developed to predict RRV outbreaks, but these appear to be mostly only regionally valid, being dependent on local ecological factors. Difficulties have arisen in developing useful models for the tropical northern parts of Australia, and to date no models have been developed for the Northern Territory. Only one model has been developed for predicting BFV infections using climate and tide variables. It is predicted that the exacerbation of current greenhouse conditions will result in longer periods of high mosquito activity in the tropical regions where RRV and BFV are already common. In addition, the endemic locations may expand further within temperate regions, and epidemics may become more frequent in those areas. Further development of predictive models should benefit public health planning by providing early warning systems of RRV and BFV infection outbreaks in different geographical locations.

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Section: Introduction E Pidemic Polyarthritis (Epa) Is the Previous Nmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ross River Virus and Barmah Forest Virus Infections: A Review of History, Ecology, and Predictive Models, with Implications for Tropical Northern Australia

Jacups

Whelan

Currie³

2008

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

143

128

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“…Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus also causes human illness. Chikungunya virus and its close relative O'nyong-nyong virus have caused millions of cases of serious illness characterized by fever, rash and a painful arthralgia and rose river virus and Barmah forest virus cause epidemic polyarthritis in humans [5][6][7][8]. The alphaviruses are arthropod borne with mosquitoes being the usual vector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic analysis of a Chinese isolate of Getah-like virus and its phylogenetic relationship with other Alphaviruses

et al. 2007

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An alphavirus, M-1 strain, was isolated from a pool of culicine mosquitoes collected in Hainan island of China during an arbovirus survey in 1964. In the present study, we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the M-1 strain using RT-PCR and RACE techniques. The M-1 genome is 11,690 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains two open reading frames (ORFs) encoding four nonstructural proteins and five structural proteins, respectively. Searches using Blast and comparison analyses suggested that M-1 is closely linked to Sagiyama virus (SAGV, AB032553) with 98% identity and Getah viruse (GETV, AY702913) with 97.8% identity in the full-length nucleotide sequence. However, compared with SAGV, there is 1 deletion (3 nucleotides in length) in the Capsid region, a deletion in the 3' untranslated region (10 nucleotides in length) and 2 insertions in the 3' untranslated region involving a total of 5 nucleotides. Interestingly, from the 5' UTR to the end of coding region, M-1 share the highest identity with GETV, even though the identity of 3' UTR drops dramatically to 76.2%. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genomic sequences and sequences for structural or non-structural proteins of M-1 and 15 alphaviruses showed that M-1 grouped with GETV first and then grouped together with SAGV. Based on the comparison analysis and phylogenetic analysis, we conclude that M-1 strain can be considered as a strain that is a Chinese isolate of Getah-like virus.

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“…The only previous report of a specific facial eruption in Barmah Forest virus infection was a nonvesicular eruption limited to the face of a child. 6 Widespread cutaneous eruptions of varied morphology were also seen in our patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Desquamation associated with resolution of the eruption has been noted previously. 6 Case 3 noted mild desquamation associated with resolution of the facial erythema.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Barmah Forest viral exanthems

Dore

Auld

2004

Aust J Dermatology

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A series of five patients presented with eruptions beginning on the face. In each case the facial changes were characterized by urticated erythema with minimal epidermal change. The patients also demonstrated more widespread vesiculopapular, macular or purpuric eruptions. At presentation most patients were asymptomatic; however, several subsequently developed constitutional symptoms. Each of these patients was reactive for Barmah Forest virus immunoglobulin (Ig)M, and on repeat testing four were reactive for Barmah Forest virus IgG.

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Clinical and subclinical Barmah Forest virus infection in Queensland

Cited by 70 publications

References 18 publications

Ross River Virus and Barmah Forest Virus Infections: A Review of History, Ecology, and Predictive Models, with Implications for Tropical Northern Australia

Ross River Virus and Barmah Forest Virus Infections: A Review of History, Ecology, and Predictive Models, with Implications for Tropical Northern Australia

Genomic analysis of a Chinese isolate of Getah-like virus and its phylogenetic relationship with other Alphaviruses

Barmah Forest viral exanthems

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