Clinical characteristics and outcomes of the first 63 adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19: An experience from Oman

Abstract

Introduction To identify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Oman. Methods A case series of hospitalized COVID-19 laboratory-confirmed patients between February 24th through April 24th, 2020, from two hospitals in Oman. Analyses were performed using univariate statistics. Results The cohort included 63 patients with an overall mean age of 48 ± 16 years and 84% ( n = 53) were males. A total of 38% ( n = 24) of the hospitalized patients were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Fifty one percent ( n = 32) of patients had at least one co-morbidity with diabetes mellitus (DM) (32%; n = 20) and hypertension (32%; n = 20) as the most common co-morbidities followed by chronic heart and renal diseases (12.8%; n = 8). The most common presenting symptoms at onset of illness were fever (84%; n = 53), cough (75%; n = 47) and shortness of breaths (59%; n = 37). All except two patients (97%; n = 61) were treated with either chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, while the three most prescribed antibiotics were ceftriaxone (79%; n = 50), azithromycin (71%; n = 45), and the piperacillin/tazobactam combination (49%; n = 31). A total of 59% ( n = 37), 49% ( n = 31) and 24% ( n = 15) of the patients were on lopinavir/ritonavir, interferons, or steroids, respectively. Mortality was documented in (8%; n = 5) of the patients while 68% ( n = 43) of the study cohort recovered. Mortality was associated with those that were admitted to ICU (19% vs 0; p = 0.009), mechanically ventilated (31% vs 0; p = 0.001), had DM (20% vs 2.3%; p = 0.032), older (62 vs 47 years; p = 0.045), had high total bilirubin (43% vs 2.3%; p = 0.007) and those with high C-reactive protein (186 vs 90 mg/dL; p = 0.009) and low corrected calcium (15% vs 0%; p = 0.047). Conclusions ICU admission, those on mechanical ventilation, the elderly, those with high total bilirubin and low corrected calcium were associated with high mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

COVID-19 outbreak in Jordan: Epidemiological features, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings

“…Our results showed a mild spectrum of severity in the clinical presentation of this outbreak. Similar presentations have been described as an initial trend of COVID-19 outbreak presentation in countries like Singapore and New Delhi [ 6 , 8 , [23] , [24] , [25] ], ( Table 6 ) . The mildness of this outbreak might be explained by the including of asymptomatic cases and the fact that the majority of our cases (97.5%) shared a common source of exposure, an index case who lives in Spain and traveled to Jordan which resulted in a local outbreak of COVID-19 [ 13 ].…”

Effect of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin on the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…did not report death data related to CQ and Huang et al. did not report any death [ 63 , 64 ]. Consequently, no study on chloroquine met our inclusion criteria.…”

Diabetes Mellitus is Associated with Severe Infection and Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…The flow of studies through our meta-analysis is depicted in Figure 1 . A total of 76 studies with 31,067 patients were eventually included in our study ( 8 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , ...…”