Clinical chemistry and hematology values in a Caribbean population of African green monkeys

Liddie, Shervin; Goody, Robin J; Valles, Rodrigo; Lawrence, Matthew S.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0684.2010.00422.x

Cited by 27 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…periods, and our values were generally in line with previously reported values for free-living St. Kitts AGMs brought into captivity. 34 Monkeys exhibited no increase in body temperature ( Figure 3) and no change in body condition beyond what was expected for animals being anesthetized daily. There were no dramatic differences between replication of or response to human and sylvatic DENV-2 in any values measured.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Infection Dynamics of Sylvatic Dengue Virus in a Natural Primate Host, the African Green Monkey

Hanley¹,

Guerbois²,

Kautz³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The four serotypes of mosquito-borne dengue virus (DENV-1, -2, -3, and -4) that circulate in humans each emerged from an enzootic, sylvatic cycle in non-human primates. Herein, we present the first study of sylvatic DENV infection dynamics in a primate. Three African green monkeys were inoculated with 10 5 plaque-forming units (pfu) DENV-2 strain PM33974 from the sylvatic cycle, and one African green monkey was inoculated with 10 5 pfu DENV-2 strain New Guinea C from the human cycle. All four monkeys seroconverted (more than fourfold rise in 80% plaque reduction neutralization titer [PRNT 80 ]) against the strain of DENV with which they were inoculated; only one (33%) of three monkeys infected with sylvatic DENV showed a neutralizing antibody response against human-endemic DENV. Virus was detected in two of three monkeys inoculated with sylvatic DENV at low titer ( 1.3 log 10 pfu/mL) and brief duration ( 2 days). Clinical signs included rash and elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.Mosquito-borne dengue virus (DENV; genus Flavivirus) is one of only two arthropod-borne viruses to have established a transmission cycle endemic to humans that is ecologically and evolutionarily distinct from its enzootic ancestors.1 In its human transmission cycle, the virus comprises four antigenically and genetically distinct serotypes (DENV-1, -2, -3, and -4); infection with one serotype conveys lifelong protection against homologous challenge but only transient protection against heterologous infection with another serotype.2,3 Although most infections are subclinical, a fraction results in classical dengue fever (DF), a self-limited febrile illness, and some of these patients progress to severe dengue disease. 4 The lack of an animal model that recapitulates human dengue disease has been a major barrier to the development of DENV vaccines and therapeutics. Replication of human-endemic DENV in non-human primates (NHPs) 5 is muted in intensity and duration relative to replication in humans, 6 and infection with human-endemic DENV produces disease in NHPs only when administered at doses that greatly exceed those delivered by the mosquito. 1Each of four human-endemic DENV serotypes emerged from enzootic ancestors maintained in a sylvatic cycle between NHPs and canopy-dwelling Aedes mosquitoes.1,7 These sylvatic cycles remain active in the forests of southeast Asia and west Africa. Spillover of sylvatic DENV into humans, sometimes causing severe disease, has been repeatedly documented. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Thus, continued circulation of sylvatic DENV may threaten future control of human DENV when a DENV vaccine becomes available. 7 Because the replication and immunogenicity of sylvatic DENV in its NHP hosts have not previously been investigated, some mathematical models of sylvatic DENV population dynamics and spillover risk have used infection parameters derived from studies of humanendemic DENV in NHPs. 16 However, infection dynamics of arboviruses in reservoir a...

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mentioning

confidence: 84%

Infection Dynamics of Sylvatic Dengue Virus in a Natural Primate Host, the African Green Monkey

Hanley¹,

Guerbois²,

Kautz³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…S5). Values for each of the parameters were plotted for individual animals, with the upper and lower limits of normal African green monkey ranges (Liddie et al, 2010). The analyses were performed in a blinded fashion.…”

Section: Postsurgical Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Multiple Routes of Direct CNS Administration of Adeno-Associated Virus Gene Transfer Vector Serotype rh.10 Expressing the Human Arylsulfatase A cDNA to Nonhuman Primates

Rosenberg

Sondhi

Rubin

et al. 2014

Human Gene Therapy Clinical Development

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Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), a fatal disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase A (ARSA), is associated with an accumulation of sulfatides, causing widespread demyelination in both central and peripheral nervous systems. On the basis of prior studies demonstrating that adeno-associated virus AAVrh.10 can mediate widespread distribution in the CNS of a secreted lysosomal transgene, and as a prelude to human trials, we comparatively assessed the optimal CNS delivery route of an AAVrh.10 vector encoding human ARSA in a large animal model for broadest distribution of ARSA enzyme. Five routes were tested (each total dose, 1.5 · 10 12 genome copies of AAVrh.10hARSA-FLAG): (1) delivery to white matter centrum ovale; (2) deep gray matter delivery (putamen, thalamus, and caudate) plus overlying white matter; (3) convection-enhanced delivery to same deep gray matter locations; (4) lateral cerebral ventricle; and (5) intraarterial delivery with hyperosmotic mannitol to the middle cerebral artery. After 13 weeks, the distribution of ARSA activity subsequent to each of the three direct intraparenchymal administration routes was significantly higher than in phosphate-buffered saline-administered controls, but administration by the intraventricular and intraarterial routes failed to demonstrate measurable levels above controls. Immunohistochemical staining in the cortex, white matter, deep gray matter of the striatum, thalamus, choroid plexus, and spinal cord dorsal root ganglions confirmed these results. Of the five routes studied, administration to the white matter generated the broadest distribution of ARSA, with 80% of the brain displaying more than a therapeutic (10%) increase in ARSA activity above PBS controls. No significant toxicity was observed with any delivery route as measured by safety parameters, although some inflammatory changes were seen by histopathology. We conclude that AAVrh.10-mediated delivery of ARSA via CNS administration into the white matter is likely to be safe and yields the widest distribution of ARSA, making it the most suitable route of vector delivery.

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“…Differences in hormonal status and muscular mass between genders, as well as menstrual blood loss, have been proposed as explanatory factors [Dacie and Lewis, 1984;Jain, 1986]. In contrast, neutrophil counts were greater in females, as previously reported in African green monkeys [Liddie et al, 2010], mandrills [Setchell et al, 2006], and hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas) [Harewood et al, 1999;Havill et al, 2003] but not in macaques [Andrade et al, 2004] and humans [Kratz et al, 2004]. Such sex differences in white blood cell counts have been attributed to the level of female sexual promiscuity [Anderson et al, 2004;Nunn, 2002].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Blood chemical reference values for the sun-tailed monkeys, mustached guenons, and guenon hybrids of the CIRMF colony as compared to other primate species. SOL, sun-tailed monkeys; CEP, mustached guenons; HYB, guenon hybrids (present study); AGM, African green monkeys [Hambleton et al, 1979;Liddie et al, 2010]; MAC, bonnet macaques [Pierre et al, 2011]; LEM, red ruffed lemurs [Dutton et al, 2008]; CPZ, chimpanzees [Hambleton et al, 1979;Herdon and Tigges, 2001;Loeb, 1986]; GOR, gorillas [Loeb, 1986]; HUM, humans [Kratz et al, 2004]. Vertical bars represent mean and 2× standard deviation (SD) for high and low range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Reference blood biochemistry and hematology data are available for a number of nonhuman primate species that have been extensively used in laboratory research, including rhesus and cynomolgus macaques [Andrade et al, 2004], African green monkeys [Liddie et al, 2010], squirrel monkeys [Andrade et al, 2004;Ausman et al, 1976], and chimpanzees [Howell et al, 2003]. Except for these species, data remain often anecdotic, mostly because of the great difficulty in capturing and sampling free-ranging nonhuman primates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Clinical Biochemistry and Hematology of the Elusive Sun‐Tailed Monkey (Cercopithecus solatus) in Gabon: Inaugural Data From the Only Semifree Ranging Colony in the World

Motsch

Gonzalez

Verrier

2012

American J Primatol

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Clinical blood biochemistry and hematology are valuable tools to evaluate health and welfare in many animal species. In order to document the general biology of one of the most poorly known nonhuman primate species, and contribute to its conservation, the clinical blood biochemistry and hematology of the sun-tailed monkey (Cercopithecus solatus Harrisson) was investigated in its range of endemicity in Gabon. Data derived from 26 years of clinical monitoring of the only semicaptive colony of this species in the world, housed at CIRMF (Franceville, Gabon), were analyzed in order to establish reference values of age-sex classes. Consistent with previous reports in other primate species, age and sex significantly affected a number of biochemical and hematological parameters in C. solatus. Hematological analyses demonstrated significant differences in red blood cells, hemoglobin (HB), and hematocrit (HT), with males showing significantly greater values than females. In contrast, neutrophil counts were greater in females. An ontogenetic effect was detected for HB, HT, eosinophil, and monocyte counts, while lymphocytes significantly decreased with age. Biochemical analyses also showed significant differences, with females displaying greater cholesterol and alanine aminotransferase levels. Increase in levels of blood urea and aspartate aminotransferase coupled with decrease in albumin in old individuals suggested declining kidney, liver, and muscle functions with age. Interspecific comparisons were conducted and the effects of the unique semifree-ranging setting on the validity and value of the results presented are discussed. The reference values established will be useful in further ecological, parasitological, and virological studies of the sun-tailed monkey.

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Clinical chemistry and hematology values in a Caribbean population of African green monkeys

Abstract: Comparison of this data with other non-human primate species and humans highlights similarities and disparities between species. Potential causes of interpopulation variability and relevance to the use of the African green monkey as a non-human primate model are discussed.

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Infection Dynamics of Sylvatic Dengue Virus in a Natural Primate Host, the African Green Monkey

Infection Dynamics of Sylvatic Dengue Virus in a Natural Primate Host, the African Green Monkey

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Multiple Routes of Direct CNS Administration of Adeno-Associated Virus Gene Transfer Vector Serotype rh.10 Expressing the Human Arylsulfatase A cDNA to Nonhuman Primates

Clinical Biochemistry and Hematology of the Elusive Sun‐Tailed Monkey (Cercopithecus solatus) in Gabon: Inaugural Data From the Only Semifree Ranging Colony in the World

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