Clinical, Clinicopathologic, and Hematologic Features of Kyasanur Forest Disease

Elevated levels of total and dengue virus‐specific immunoglobulin E in patients with varying disease severity

“…Previous reports have suggested that elevated levels of total IgE serum antibodies in patients that suffer from hemorrhagic fever virus infections are associated with disease severity [Pavri and Prasad, 1980;Miguez-Burbano et al, 1999]. Pavri and colleagues have suggested that increased levels of total IgE serum antibodies are implicated in the pathogenesis of Kyasanur Forest disease, Japanese B encephalitis and dengue hemorrhagic fever [Pavri and Prasad, 1980;Pavri, 1989]. Alexeyev et al [1994] demonstrated elevated levels of total and Puumala virus-specific IgE serum antibodies early in the course of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, suggesting that IgE may be involved in the pathogenesis of this disease.…”

“…High levels of total and virus-specific IgE are associated with an anaphylactic reaction [Bochner and Lichtenstein, 1991]. In patients with hemorrhagic fever virus infections, it was shown that both total and specific IgE levels are increased [Pavri and Prasad, 1980;Pavri, 1989;Alexeyev et al, 1994]. Recently, it was demonstrated that the total IgE levels in patients with a history of dengue virus infection increased when compared to individuals without a history of dengue virus infection [Miguez-Burbano et al, 1999].…”

Kyasanur Forest Disease: a Status Update

“…KFD is endemic in 5 areas of Karnataka, India mainly Shimoga, Chikkamagalore, Uttara Kannada, Dakshina Kannada, and Udupi. (Pavri, 1989). The disease has various stages in development.…”

“…Frequently, a second febrile stage (relapse phase-10-20%) of around 2 weeks with same clinical manifestations of first phase along with various neurological complications was reported. Abnormal reflexes, confusion and tremors noticed as neurological complication (Pavri, 1989;Adhikari Prabha et al, 1993;Heymann, 2004;Pattnaik, 2006).…”

“…It was first noticed when cases of monkey mortality occurred in a forest area of Shimoga district, India, followed by acute, febrile haemorrhagic disease in humans nearby during 1957 . Around 400-500 cases of KFD are reporting from India every year Pavri, 1989). As a tick borne infection, it has a seasonal occurrence from January to June.…”