Clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among cigarette smokers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Akram, Zohaib; Raffat, Muhammad Arsalan; Shafqat, Syed Saad; Mirza, Sana; Ikram, Salma

doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.04.027

Cited by 54 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A plethora of basic and clinical research is being performed to test the efficacy of PDT in periodontics and implant dentistry [16][17][18][19][20]. It is proved to be a promising technique for combating periodontal and peri-implant infections around teeth and dental implants, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Capacity and Surface Alterations Using Photodynamic Therapy and Light Activated Disinfection on Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Material Contaminated with Periodontal Bacteria

et al. 2020

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This study determined the antimicrobial efficiency of light-activated disinfection (LAD) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) on polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) material contaminated with three periodontal bacteria and explored if PDT and LAD cause PICN surface alterations. Sixty PICN discs were contaminated with Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema denticola and randomly divided into five groups (n = 12 samples/each) according to the treatment groups: Group PDT—PDT (630 ± 10 nm diode laser) with methylene blue; Group DL—808 nm diode laser in contact mode without photosensitizer; Group MB–methylene blue without light application; Group CHX—0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate solution and; Group NT—no treatment. Each disc was then placed in tubes containing phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and vortexed for 30 s to remove the remaining bacteria from the discs. A total of 10× serial dilutions were performed followed by plating of 30 μL of suspension on Brucella agar plates. The colony forming units (CFU) were calculated after 72 h. PICN discs with the attached biofilms were used for confocal microscopy investigation for live/dead bacterial viability. A random single sample from each group was selected to study the bacterial adherence and topographical alterations on PICN discs under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The PDT group showed higher reduction for each bacterial species and total counts of bacteria assessed followed by the DL group (p < 0.05). When compared with MB group, the two laser groups were significantly superior (p < 0.05). The MB group did not show significant differences for any bacteria when compared to NT. The bacteria with the CHX group and DL groups appeared dead with few areas of surviving green stained bacteria. The PDT group showed the highest dead cell count (p < 0.05). PDT and DL groups indicate no significant changes on the surface compared to the sterile PICN discs on visual assessment. Photodynamic therapy produced superior periodontal bacteria reduction over the surface of PICN surface. PDT group showed higher reduction for each bacterial species and total counts of bacteria assessed followed by the DL group. Both PDT and DL treatment strategies are effective without producing surface alterations on PICN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Capacity and Surface Alterations Using Photodynamic Therapy and Light Activated Disinfection on Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Material Contaminated with Periodontal Bacteria

et al. 2020

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“…Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a cytotoxic non-invasive treatment option with a low tendency to induce drug resistance [ 57 ]. Briefly, this method includes an application of a photosensitizing agent in the target tissue and its activation by laser light of a specific wavelength in the presence of oxygen [ 58 , 59 ]. Upon irradiation, the photosensitizer molecules undergo excitation transferring energy to the oxygen molecule that consequently forms oxygen free radicals [ 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Part A: Pericoronitis Evidence-based Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Evidence-Based Recommendations for Pericoronitis Management and a Systematic Review of Antibiotic Prescribing for Pericoronitis among Dentists: Inappropriate Pericoronitis Treatment Is a Critical Factor of Antibiotic Overuse in Dentistry

Schmidt

Kunderová

Pilbauerova

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This work provides a narrative review covering evidence-based recommendations for pericoronitis management (Part A) and a systematic review of antibiotic prescribing for pericoronitis from January 2000 to May 2021 (Part B). Part A presents the most recent, clinically significant, and evidence-based guidance for pericoronitis diagnosis and proper treatment recommending the local therapy over antibiotic prescribing, which should be reserved for severe conditions. The systematic review includes publications analyzing sets of patients treated for pericoronitis and questionnaires that identified dentists' therapeutic approaches to pericoronitis. Questionnaires among dentists revealed that almost 75% of them prescribed antibiotics for pericoronitis, and pericoronitis was among the top 4 in the frequency of antibiotic use within the surveyed diagnoses and situations. Studies involving patients showed that antibiotics were prescribed to more than half of the patients with pericoronitis, and pericoronitis was among the top 2 in the frequency of antibiotic use within the monitored diagnoses and situations. The most prescribed antibiotics for pericoronitis were amoxicillin and metronidazole. The systematic review results show abundant and unnecessary use of antibiotics for pericoronitis and are in strong contrast to evidence-based recommendations summarized in the narrative review. Adherence of dental professionals to the recommendations presented in this work can help rapidly reduce the duration of pericoronitis, prevent its complications, and reduce the use of antibiotics and thus reduce its impact on patients' quality of life, healthcare costs, and antimicrobial resistance development.

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“…125 Systematic reviews and meta-analysis studies have shown controversial results on APDT in periodontics, and the level of certainty of these reviews varies from very low to moderate. 12,[126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134] Regarding the initial treatment of aggressive or chronic periodontitis, some reviews showed encouraging results with several applications, including in the short term, [126][127][128][129] while others did not confirm superior effectiveness to conventional treatment or that its effect is limited. 12,[130][131][132] Regarding the use of APDT in diabetics 133 or smokers, 134 there is still a lack of studies.…”

Section: Scientific Evidences: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,[126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134] Regarding the initial treatment of aggressive or chronic periodontitis, some reviews showed encouraging results with several applications, including in the short term, [126][127][128][129] while others did not confirm superior effectiveness to conventional treatment or that its effect is limited. 12,[130][131][132] Regarding the use of APDT in diabetics 133 or smokers, 134 there is still a lack of studies. A meta-analysis of our team compared APDT to systemic antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin plus metronidazole on the non-surgical treatment of periodontitis.…”

Section: Scientific Evidences: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

LASER in periodontal treatment: is it an effective treatment or science fiction?

et al. 2021

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There are several studies that evaluate the use of lasers in periodontal treatment in non-surgical or surgical therapy. However, while several studies showed clinically beneficial effects of some lasers in periodontal treatment, there are few clinical reports of additional advantages of lasers as adjunctive treatments in periodontology. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate and critically analyze the level of scientific evidence of effects of low-level lasers and high-power lasers in periodontology. A narrative review of the studies was carried out in each topic and type of laser or periodontal treatment. In nonsurgical periodontal therapy the results showed that there is an additional clinical benefit when using a diode laser (DL) associated with scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. The Er:YAG laser seems to be the most suitable for nonsurgical periodontal therapy and promotes the same clinical effects as conventional therapy. In periodontal surgery vaporization of the gingival or mucosal tissue can be carried out with DL, CO 2 , Nd:YAG, Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers. Photobiomodulation (PBM), mediated by low-level lasers associated with non-surgical periodontal therapy, promotes additional benefits in the short term and accelerates the bone and gingival tissue repair process and also reduces postoperative symptoms of periodontal surgery. The effect of antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy is relevant in the initial reevaluation periods. Studies have shown controversial results of the use of lasers in periodontics, and this fact may be due to the lack of standard parameters of irradiation in each clinical application.

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Clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among cigarette smokers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 54 publications

References 37 publications

Antimicrobial Capacity and Surface Alterations Using Photodynamic Therapy and Light Activated Disinfection on Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Material Contaminated with Periodontal Bacteria

Antimicrobial Capacity and Surface Alterations Using Photodynamic Therapy and Light Activated Disinfection on Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Material Contaminated with Periodontal Bacteria

A Review of Evidence-Based Recommendations for Pericoronitis Management and a Systematic Review of Antibiotic Prescribing for Pericoronitis among Dentists: Inappropriate Pericoronitis Treatment Is a Critical Factor of Antibiotic Overuse in Dentistry

LASER in periodontal treatment: is it an effective treatment or science fiction?

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