Clinical, endoscopic, laboratory and immunomorphological parameters in predicting the occurrence of colorectal cancer in patients with diverticular disease of the colon

Abstract

Aim. To define the role of clinical, endoscopic, laboratory and immunomorphological parameters in predicting the occurrence and course of colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with diverticular disease of the colon (DDC). Materials and methods. One hundred and seventy five people with DDC were examined, divided into 3 groups: group 1 – 85 patients with DDC; group 2 – 45 with DDC in combination with adenomatous polyps (AP); 3rd group – 45 with DDC with established CRC (I or II stage). The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy people. Patients and healthy people were examined according to a single program: clinical, laboratory, instrumental data and immunomorphological research methods [use of primary antibodies to p53 (mAb clone DO-7 product no. PA0057, Leica Biosystems, Leica Bond III) and Ki-67 (Ab16667, Abcam, UK)]. Results. Among the main complaints in patients with DDC and CRC, constipation was more common than in patients with DDC and DDC with AP (p0.05). In patients with DDC and colorectal neoplasia, a positive reaction to occult blood in the feces was more often verified, compared with the group with DDC (p0.05). Higher levels of glucose and cholesterol in blood plasma, as well as body mass index were found in patients with DDC with AP and CRC, compared with the DDC group (p0.05). A higher level of expression of Ki-67 and p53 was found in patients with DDC combined with AP and CRC, compared with patients with DDC without colorectal neoplasia (p0.05). At the same time, in patients with DDC with CRC, the expression level of Ki-67 and p53 was higher than in patients with DDC with AP (p0.05) Conclusion. In patients with DDC combined with AP and CRC, higher levels of glucose, plasma cholesterol, as well as body mass index were observed compared to the group of patients with DDC alone (p0.05). Of note, the results of the determination of Ki-67 and p53 in the mucous membrane of the colon should be considered important prognostic markers for the development of CRC in patients with DDC.