Clinical Features of Infectious Uveitis in Children Referred to a Hospital-Based Eye Clinic in Italy

Abstract

Background and Objectives: To investigate the etiology, clinical features, ocular complications, and visual outcomes in children with infectious uveitis referred to a tertiary uveitis hospital-based service. Materials and Methods: Children with infectious uveitis were included in a retrospective cohort study. The data set was obtained after reviewing the medical records of pediatric patients with uveitis of different causes referred to our center during the period from 2009 to 2019. Clinical evaluations were performed at the time of diagnosis and the end of follow-up. Results: Uveitis of infectious origin was present in 57 (72 eyes) of 314 (18.1%) patients examined. The median age at presentation was 10.9 years (6.1–15.8), 52.6% of patients were female, and 47.4% were male. The main cause of infectious uveitis was viral (56.1% of cases), followed by Toxoplasma gondii infection (24.5%). The anatomical location of uveitis was posterior in 40.3%, anterior in 36.8%, panuveitis in 15.7%, and intermediate in 7% of cases. Ocular involvement was unilateral in 42 children (73.7%) and bilateral in 15 (26.3%) cases. The main causes of reduced visual acuity were cataract and maculopathy in 57.1% and 28.5% of cases, respectively. During the follow-up period, 75% of patients showed significant improvements in visual acuity. Conclusion: Specialist management in a tertiary referral eye care center facilitates early diagnosis and effective treatment of this serious cause of morbidity and vision loss in children.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Uveitis in Children: A Summary of the Latest Data from a 5-Year Literature Review (2018–2023)

“…This table presents data from cohort studies in various countries conducted with minor patients, including the most common forms of uveitis in children. Table 1 [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

“…This table presents data from cohort studies in various countries conducted with minor patients, including the most common forms of uveitis in children. Table 1 [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The clinical presentation of uveitis can provide diagnostic clues to facilitate the identification of the relevant disease entity underpinning the ongoing inflammatory process in the eye.…”