Clinical Pathology and Parasitologic Evaluation of Free-Living Nestlings of the Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus Hyacinthinus)

Allgayer, Mariangela Costa; Guedes, Neiva Maria Robaldo; Chiminazzo, Cláudio; Cziulik, M.; Weimer, Tânia A.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-45.4.972

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Authors working with free-ranging birds have failed to detect any intestinal parasites associated with psittacine birds (GILARDI et al, 1995;STONE et al, 2005;MASELLO et al, 2006;ALLGAyER et al, 2009). In contrast, the data obtained from birds in zoos show high prevalence of parasites (PATEL et al, 2000;CORDóN et al, 2009), thus indicating that captivity may facilitate transmission between individuals and also raise the parasitic load in the hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitological survey on birds at some selected brazilian zoos

Hofstatter

Guaraldo

2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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A parasitological survey was conducted at some zoos in the states of São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil, from 2009 to 2011. Several groups of birds were surveyed for fecal samples, but the most important was Psittacidae. Among the parasites, Eimeria (coccidian) and Capillaria, Ascaridia and Heterakis (nematodes) were observed in almost one third of the samples. Presence of a rich parasite fauna associated with captive birds seems to be an effect of captivity, since data on free-ranging birds indicate few or virtually no parasites at all. The discovery of new coccidian species during this survey reveals the need of more research on the subject as even well-known bird species have unknown parasites, but caution must be exercised in order to avoid descriptions of pseudoparasites.Keywords: Ascaridia, Capillaria, Cracidae, Eimeria, Psittacidae. ResumoUm levantamento parasitológico foi conduzido em alguns zoológicos dos Estados de São Paulo e Paraná, Brasil, de 2009 a 2011. Vários grupos de aves foram examinados por meio de amostras fecais, sendo o mais importante o Psittacidae. Entre os parasitas, Eimeria (coccidio) e Capillaria, Ascaridia e Heterakis (nematoides) foram observados em quase um terço das amostras. A presença de uma rica fauna parasitária associada a aves cativas parece ser um efeito do cativeiro, já que dados oriundos de animais de vida livre mostraram poucos ou virtualmente nenhum parasita. A descoberta de novas espécies de coccídeos durante esse levantamento revela a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre o assunto, pois até espécies de aves bem conhecidas têm parasitas desconhecidos, por isso toda cautela é necessária para se evitar a descrição de pseudoparasitas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitological survey on birds at some selected brazilian zoos

Hofstatter

Guaraldo

2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…31 Reports on endoparasites in Neotropic freeranging parrots suggest that wild parrots are seldom parasitized and that the presence of parasites not found in a wild population should be eliminated using appropriate treatment prior to relocation. 2,52,57 The positive Ascaridia sp. result obtained during our second sampling also shows the importance of paired sampling and led to the decision to administer therapeutic treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HEALTH-SCREENING PROTOCOLS FOR VINACEOUS AMAZONS (AMAZONA VINACEA) IN A REINTRODUCTION PROJECT

Saidenberg¹,

Zuniga²,

Melville³

et al. 2015

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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Reintroduction is a growing field in the conservation of endangered species. The vinaceous Amazon parrot (Amazona vinacea) is extinct in several areas, and a project to release confiscated individuals to their former range is currently underway. The objective of this study was to evaluate and improve the selection and treatment of individual release candidates by detecting possible pathogen carriers using samples taken before and during release. As part of prerelease health protocols, samples were obtained from 29 parrots on three different occasions while in captivity and once after their release. Samples were screened for paramyxovirus type 1, avian influenza, poxvirus, coronavirus, psittacine herpesvirus 1, Chlamydia psittaci , enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), Salmonella spp., and endoparasites. The majority of samples returned negative results, with the exception of two individuals that tested positive for C. psittaci in the first sampling and for Ascaridia spp. in the second pooled sampling. Treatments for C. psittaci and endoparasites were administered prior to release, and negative results were obtained in subsequent exams. The number of positive results for E. coli (non-EPEC) decreased during the rehabilitation period. Adequate quarantine procedures and health examinations greatly minimize disease risks. The protocols employed in this study resulted in acceptable health status in accordance with current environmental legislation in Brazil. Additionally, protocols allowed informed decisions to release candidates, minimized risks, and favored the selection of healthy individuals, thereby contributing to the recovery of this species. It is important to determine appropriate minimum health-screening protocols when advanced diagnostics may not be available or high costs make the tests prohibitive in countries where confiscations occur. We hypothesize that a minimum panel of tests of pooled samples can serve as an alternative approach that minimizes costs and overall workload and supports projects intended to restore and promote flagship species and hamper their illegal trade.

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“…Studies into the health status of birds, such as the impact of heavy metal contamination (Del Marchesi et al 2015), parasites (Allgayer et al 2013;Ramos et al 2015), and infections (Raso et al 2006;Chahad-Ehlers et al 2018) were included under the study theme of "health".…”

Section: Main Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Main trends and gaps in studies for bird conservation in the Pantanal wetland

Frota¹,

Vitorino²,

Nunes³

et al. 2020

NBC

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Birds are considered one of the most well-known groups of animals in the Pantanal, playing an important ecological role in wetland ecosystems. Our aim was to identify the main themes and gaps in current knowledge of these birds, considering thirty years of scientific research to direct future studies. We performed a scientometric analysis based on five platforms with the search words “Aves” and “Pantanal” as well as “Bird” and “Pantanal”. We identified 145 scientific studies, with themes of ecology (64), conservation (23), health (17), fauna (15), genetics (12), geographic distribution (7), and environmental education (7). The number of publications has increased significantly over the years. However, the focus is predominantly on certain Pantanal regions, such as the municipalities of Corumbá in Mato Grosso do Sul state and Poconé in Mato Grosso state. Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus and Mycteria americana are among the species with the largest number of studies in the Pantanal, with 12 and 11 papers, respectively. We highlighted the need for new studies in regions such as the north-west and themes such as threatened species and ecosystem services. Integrated knowledge and interdisciplinary approaches can be useful in strategic decision-making and more effective for bird conservation in wetlands.

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Clinical Pathology and Parasitologic Evaluation of Free-Living Nestlings of the Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus Hyacinthinus)

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Parasitological survey on birds at some selected brazilian zoos

Parasitological survey on birds at some selected brazilian zoos

HEALTH-SCREENING PROTOCOLS FOR VINACEOUS AMAZONS (AMAZONA VINACEA) IN A REINTRODUCTION PROJECT

Main trends and gaps in studies for bird conservation in the Pantanal wetland

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