Clinical Signs and Hormonal Changes in Dairy Heifers after Induction of Parturition with Prostaglandin F<sub>2α</sub>

Kornmatitsuk, Bunlue; Königsson, K; Kindahl, H.; Gustafsson, H.; Forsberg, M.; Madej, Andrzej

doi:10.1046/j.1439-0442.2000.00299.x

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This is a well-documented phenomenon, which has been confirmed in a recent study by [24]. There is a positive correlation between a precalving decline of body temperature and P4 concentrations [36,22]. In the present study, only a slight precalving decrease of the evening body temperature (<0.5°C) was recorded in animals with impaired parturition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Endocrine Profiles, Haematology and Pregnancy Outcomes of Late Pregnant Holstein Dairy Heifers Sired by Bulls Giving a High or Low Incidence of Stillbirth

Kornmatitsuk

Dahl²,

Ropstad³

et al. 2004

Acta Vet Scand

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The high incidence of stillbirth in Swedish Holstein heifers has increased continuously during the last 15 years to an average of 11% today. The pathological reasons behind the increased incidence of stillbirth are unknown. The present experiment was undertaken to investigate possible causes of stillbirth and to study possible physiological markers for predicting stillbirth. Twenty Swedish Holstein dairy heifers sired by bulls with breeding values for a high risk of stillbirth (n = 12) (experimental group) and a low risk of stillbirth (n = 8) (control group, group B) were selected based on information in the Swedish AI-data base. The experimental group consisted of 2 subgroups of heifers (groups A1 and A2) inseminated with 2 different bulls with 3.5% and 9% higher stillbirth rates than the average, and the control group consisted of heifers pregnant with 5 different bulls with 0%–6% lower stillbirth rates than the average. The bull used for group A1 had also calving difficulties due to large calves as compared to the bull in group A2 showing no calving difficulties. The heifers were supervised from 6–7 months of pregnancy up to birth, and the pregnancies and parturitions were compared between groups regarding hormonal levels, haematology, placental characteristics and calf viability. In group A1, 1 stillborn, 1 weak and 4 normal calves were recorded. In group A2, 2 stillborn and 4 normal calves were registered. All animals in the control group gave birth to a normal living calf without any assistance. The weak calf showed deviating profiles of body temperature, saturated oxygen and heart rates, compared with the normal living calves. No differences of the placentome thickness, measured in vivo by ultrasonography were seen between the groups. The number of leukocytes and differential cell counts in groups A1 and A2 followed the profiles found in the control group. In group A1, a slight decrease of oestrone sulphate (E1SO4) levels was found in the animal delivering a stillborn calf from the first 24-h blood sampling at 6 weeks to the second at 3 weeks prior to delivery, while the levels of E1SO4 at both periods in the animal delivering a weak calf followed the profile in animals delivering a normal living calf. During late pregnancy and at the time of parturition, the levels of E1SO4 and PAGs in animals delivering a stillborn or weak calf (from group A1) followed the normal profiles found in animals delivering a normal living calf. In group A2, low levels of E1SO4 and pregnancy associated glycoproteins (PAGs) over 24 h at both 3 and 6 weeks prior to parturition (<1.5 nmol/L) were recorded in animals delivering a stillborn calf. During late pregnancy and parturition, the levels of E1SO4 and PAGs were slightly lower during 30–50 days prior to delivery and increased with a lower magnitude at the time of parturition. In conclusion, our results indicate that the aetiology behind stillbirth varies depending on the AI-bulls used and is associated with dystocia or low viability of the calves. Deviating profiles of oestrone...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Higher levels were seen in the two animals delivering a stillborn or weak calf after Bubba (around 2 nmol/L at parturition). Similar results have been shown in animals with calving difficulty after induced parturition [22]. In animals no.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Endocrine Profiles, Haematology and Pregnancy Outcomes of Late Pregnant Holstein Dairy Heifers Sired by Bulls Giving a High or Low Incidence of Stillbirth

Kornmatitsuk

Dahl²,

Ropstad³

et al. 2004

Acta Vet Scand

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“…Many studies have shown that, except for the occurrence of RFM, prostaglandin-induced parturition can generally be considered as normal despite the low PGFM levels at the time of expulsion observed in this study and by previous investigators (Kornmatitsuk et al 2000, Kö nigsson et al 2001. In contrast cows of the AG group with similarly low PGFM levels showed substantial dystocia.…”

Section: Initiation Of Parturition In Cattlesupporting

confidence: 49%

Investigations into the mechanisms controlling parturition in cattle

Shenavai

Preissing²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2012

Reproduction

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A pronounced increase in fetal cortisol concentrations stimulating an increase in estrogen production at the expense of progesterone precursors in the placenta, luteolysis, and progesterone withdrawal is considered as a key event during the complex signal cascade leading to the initiation of parturition in cattle. However, there are many questions concerning the exact functional and/or temporal relationships between these individual processes which finally result in the expulsion of the calf and the timely release of the placenta. Thus, parturition was induced in 270-day pregnant cows using the progesterone receptor blocker aglepristone (group AG, nZ3), the prostaglandin F 2a analog cloprostenol (group PG, nZ4), and the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (group GC, nZ4) to characterize the effect on maternal steroid and prostaglandin levels and to identify immediate subsequent changes in placental morphology and gene expression as compared with untreated controls sampled on day 272 (group D272, nZ3) and cows during normal parturition (group NT, nZ4). All calves of the treatment groups were born on days 271-272, whereas gestational length in NT cows was 280.5G1.3 days. However, none of the treatments significantly induced the prepartal remodeling of placentomes characterized by a decline in trophoblast giant cells and reduction of the caruncular epithelium. Data on placental CYP17 and COX2 expression confirm that these key enzymes are upregulated by GC, whereas placental aromatase expression was not affected by any treatment. Maternal progesterone and prostaglandin profiles suggest differential effects of the treatments on luteal function and placental or uterine prostaglandin production. The results provide new information on the initiation of parturition in cattle but raise many new questions.

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“…Biochemical, hormonal and electrolyte profiles can be used as prognosis criteria for the incidence of placenta retaining in dairy cows. In cows with retained placenta a substantially higher level of progesterone and cortisol, and low level of estrogene is observed in relation to healthy cows (Kornmatitsuk et al, 2000). The increased level of cortisol is associated with the stress in dairy cows.…”

Section: Hormonal and Biochemical Changes In Cows With Retained Placentamentioning

confidence: 95%

The effect of antioxidants on preventing the retained placenta in dairy cows

Joksimovic-Todorovic

Davidović

2013

BIOTEC ANIM HUSB

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Retaining of placenta is one of the most common ailments in dairy cows and it occurrs if placenta is not removed in the period of 12-14 hour after calving. The ailment is of multifactorial etiology and a primary cause is often unknown. During periparturient period in cows the metabolical, hormonal and biochemical changes are observed. Immunosuppression also characterizes this period and it is associated with endocrinal changes and decreased feed intake. Reduced function of neutrophiles before parturition is in correlation with increased frequency of incidence of postparturition ailments. Selenium and vitamin E are the most important antioxidants which have a positive effect on neutrophiles function protecting them from oxidative damage.

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Clinical Signs and Hormonal Changes in Dairy Heifers after Induction of Parturition with Prostaglandin F_2α

Cited by 19 publications

References 48 publications

Endocrine Profiles, Haematology and Pregnancy Outcomes of Late Pregnant Holstein Dairy Heifers Sired by Bulls Giving a High or Low Incidence of Stillbirth

Endocrine Profiles, Haematology and Pregnancy Outcomes of Late Pregnant Holstein Dairy Heifers Sired by Bulls Giving a High or Low Incidence of Stillbirth

Investigations into the mechanisms controlling parturition in cattle

The effect of antioxidants on preventing the retained placenta in dairy cows

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Clinical Signs and Hormonal Changes in Dairy Heifers after Induction of Parturition with Prostaglandin F2α

Cited by 19 publications

References 48 publications

Endocrine Profiles, Haematology and Pregnancy Outcomes of Late Pregnant Holstein Dairy Heifers Sired by Bulls Giving a High or Low Incidence of Stillbirth

Endocrine Profiles, Haematology and Pregnancy Outcomes of Late Pregnant Holstein Dairy Heifers Sired by Bulls Giving a High or Low Incidence of Stillbirth

Investigations into the mechanisms controlling parturition in cattle

The effect of antioxidants on preventing the retained placenta in dairy cows

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Clinical Signs and Hormonal Changes in Dairy Heifers after Induction of Parturition with Prostaglandin F_2α