Clinically diagnosed AIDS cases without evident association with HIV type 1 and 2 infections in Ghana

Hishida, Osamu; Ido, Eiji; Igarashi, Tatsuhiko; Hayami, Masanori; Miyazaki, Akira; Ayisi, NanaK; Osei-Kwasi, Mubarak

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(92)92856-b

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Another study reports 135 (59%) HIV-free AIDS patients from Ghana out of 227 diagnosed by clinical criteria of the WHO. These patients suffered from weight loss, diarrhea, chronic fever, tuberculosis and neurological diseases (Hishida et al, 1992). An earlier study documents 116 HIV-negatives among 424 African patients that meet the WHO definition of AIDS (Widy-Wirski et al, 1988).…”

Section: Most Of the Studies Listed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aids acquired by drug consumption and other noncontagious risk factors

Duesberg

1992

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hypothesis that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a new, sexually transmitted virus that causes AIDS has been entirely unproductive in terms of public health benefits. Moreover, it fails to predict the epidemiology of AIDS, the annual AIDS risk and the very heterogeneous AIDS diseases of infected persons. The correct hypothesis must explain why: (1) AIDS includes 25 previously known diseases and two clinically and epidemiologically very different epidemics, one in America and Europe, the other in Africa; (2) almost all American (90%) and European (86%) AIDS patients are males over the age of 20, while African AIDS affects both sexes equally; (3) the annual AIDS risks of infected babies, intravenous drug users, homosexuals who use aphrodisiacs, hemophiliacs and Africans vary over 100-fold; (4) many AIDS patients have diseases that do not depend on immunodeficiency, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, dementia and wasting; (5) the AIDS diseases of Americans (97%) and Europeans (87%) are predetermined by prior health risks, including long-term consumption of illicit recreational drugs, the antiviral drug AZT and congenital deficiencies like hemophilia, and those of Africans are Africa-specific. Both negative and positive evidence shows that AIDS is not infectious: (1) the virus hypothesis fails all conventional criteria of causation; (2) over 100-fold different AIDS risks in different risk groups show that HIV is not sufficient for AIDS; (3) AIDS is only 'acquired,' if at all, years after HIV is neutralized by antibodies; (4) AIDS is new but HIV is a long-established, perinatally transmitted retrovirus; (5) alternative explanations disprove all assumptions and anecdotal cases cited in support of the virus hypothesis; (6) all AIDS-defining diseases occur in matched risk groups, at the same rate, in the absence of HIV; (7) there is no common, active microbe in all AIDS patients; (8) AIDS manifests in unpredictable and unrelated diseases; and (9) it does not spread randomly between the sexes in America and Europe. Based on numerous data documenting that drugs are necessary for HIV-positives and sufficient for HIV-negatives to develop AIDS diseases, it is proposed that all American/European AIDS diseases, that exceed their normal background, result from recreational and anti-HIV drugs. African AIDS is proposed to result from protein malnutrition, poor sanitation and subsequent parasitic infections. This hypothesis resolves all paradoxes of the virus-AIDS hypothesis. It is epidemiologically and experimentally testable and provides a rational basis for AIDS control.

show abstract

Section: Most Of the Studies Listed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aids acquired by drug consumption and other noncontagious risk factors

Duesberg

1992

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Health Service National Institutes of Health, 1987;Sommadossi and Carlisle, 1987;Bessen et al, 1988;Gorard et al, 1988;Helbert et al, 1988;Dubin and Braffman, 1989;Dalakas et al, 1990;Cretton et al, 1991;Heagy et al, 1991;Reisler et al, 2003;Venhoff et al, 2007;Scruggs and Naylor, 2008) and even to achieve minimum consensus on the diagnosis (Kiessling and Goulian, 1979;Duesberg, 1991;1993;PapadopulosEleopulos et al, 1993;Turner, 1994;PapadopulosEleopulos et al, 1996;Duesberg et al, 2011) and there are still discrepancies as to the causal relationship between the virus and the disease (Marguart et al, 1991;Laurence et al, 1992;Afrasiabi et al, 1986;Castro et al, 1992;Bowden et al, 1991;Hishida et al, 1992;Montagnier et al, 1997), to the point that different groups advocating for the reconsideration of current theories about these conditions, their diagnosis and treatments, have been forming in the world (Baumann et al, 1995). Luc Montagnier, who won the Nobel Prize for the discovery of HIV in 2008, has made surprising statements about the low pathogenic capacity of the virus (Leung, 2009).…”

Section: Department Of Health and Human Services Publicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initiatives to Improve the Quality of Life of HIV Positive Diagnosed Subjects: A Review of Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapeutics under the Light of Science and Ethics

Molina

Medelej

Zucchi

et al. 2017

American Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first cases of AIDS occurred about 1981. There are not fully appropriate therapeutic interventions for treating this medical condition. People who are diagnosed HIV-positive or with AIDS suffer a poor quality of life and receive medication that produces severe adverse reactions. We have analyzed a significant number of papers published in several countries on these topics, and we have found various inconsistencies: -HIV risk behaviors: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in the United States, the Estimated Per-Act Probability of Acquiring HIV from an Infected Source, by Exposure Act (heterosexual) is about one in one thousand for women and about one in two thousand for men. Nevertheless, in an investigation conducted through the University of San Francisco, California, on 442 discordant heterosexual couples no seroconversions were observed throughout the ten years the research lasted. (1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995). No other study of similar characteristics has been conducted ever since. -Diagnostics methods: In Argentina, we employ the ELISA screening method, subsequently confirmed by a Western Blot test, but in the United Stated this last is discouraged since 2014. -Medication: Many of the drugs that are used to treat HIV are DNA chain terminators which interfere with the normal functioning and replication of normal cells. As a result, damage in the immune system and the mitochondrial DNA are reported very frequently. We ask the scientific community what we should inform the patients about all these. We urge the experts´ opinion on the ethical management aspects. Since the diagnostic tests employed may result in false positives and the fact that the medication is highly toxic, we recommend that patients with HIV positive diagnosis fully re-test their condition at least once a year to minimize eventual diagnostic errors, suspending specific medications in case of discrepancies on the testing results.

show abstract