Clinicopathological alterations in naturally occurring Babesia gibsoni infection in dogs of Middle-South Gujarat, India

Abstract

Aim:The present research work was undertaken to describe various clinical signs and hematobiochemical alterations in dogs affected with Babesia gibsoni.Materials and Methods:Blood smears from a total of 79 suspected dogs of Anand region as well as Surat region of Gujarat state (India) were screened for detection of intraerythrocytic piroplasm of small form of Babesia. Diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical signs and demonstration of B. gibsoni organism in Giemsa-stained thin blood smears. The clinical signs were recorded at the time of presentation, and blood samples were subjected to estimation of hematobiochemical parameters by auto hematology analyzers at College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand. Statistical analysis, interpretation, and comparison of hematobiochemical changes with scientific literature were carried out to understand the pathophysiology of the disease.Results:Out of 79 dogs, 16 were positive for naturally occurring babesiosis based on the presence of intraerythrocytic piroplasm of small form of Babesia in blood smears. The clinical cases were manifested by wide variety of non-specific clinical signs. The hematological evaluation revealed that the mean values of hemoglobin and total erythrocyte counts in dogs with babesiosis decreased significantly (p<0.01) in comparison to healthy dogs. Among differential leukocyte count, mean values of neutrophils and eosinophils increased while lymphocytes decreased (p<0.01) in dogs with babesiosis in comparison to healthy dogs. Serum biochemistry revealed increase (p<0.01) value of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and globulin as well as decrease in albumin levels (p<0.05) in dogs with babesiosis as compared to healthy dogs.Conclusion:B. gibsoni is having multisystemic effects with atypical hematobiochemical changes in dog are discussed here, which would aid new insights in diagnosis of disease.

Etiopathology and Haematobiochemical Alteration in the Anaemic Dogs of in and Around Anand Region, Gujarat

“…Decreased TPP level of the present study was in agreement with report of (Helens, 2008;Turkar et al, 2009;Sharma et al, 2010;Sarma et al, 2011;Gaudarrama-Olhovich et al, 2013;Khatat et al, 2015 andBilwal et al, 2017). Hypoproteinaemia due to hypoalbuminaemia was caused by decreased intake and chronic inflammation (Gaudarrama-Olhovich et al, 2013).…”

“…Levels of AST and ALT increased significantly in dogs with anemia than healthy dogs. These findings were in accordance with (Castro et al, 2004;Helens, 2008;Sharma et al, 2010;Gaudarrama-Olhovich et al, 2013;Ghodasara et al, 2014;Bilwal et al, 2017 andBilwal et al, 2018) whereas, (Turkar et al, 2009) reported normal level of AST in anaemic dogs. Increased ALT and AST may be attributed to the hemolysis and cellular damage to the hepatic cells (Shrivastava et al, 2014).…”

“…However, (Dixit et al, 2012;Reddy et al, 2014) reported decreased count of neutrophils in dogs with anemia (Dixit et al, 2012 andReddy et al, 2014) reported significant increase in lymphocytes count in dogs with anemia. However, (Oliveira, 2000;Andoni et al, 2012;Bilwal et al, 2017) reported significant decrease in lymphocytes in dogs with anemia. Castro et al, 2004 andSrikala et al, 2012 were agreement with levels of eosinophils decreased significantly.…”

Molecular diagnosis and biochemical studies of tick-borne diseases (anaplasmosis and babesiosis) in Aberdeen Angus Cattle in New Valley, Egypt

“…Hyperbilirubinemia was previously reported in camels infected with A. marginale due to excessive destruction of RBCs and the indirect hepatocellular damage [ 20 ]. Furthermore, elevated levels of T. Bil were shown to reflect intravascular and extravascular hemolysis [ 29 ]. Our results are also consistent with other investigations [ 26 , 28 ].…”

Aspectos diagnósticos y epidemiológicos de la piroplasmosis canina en áreas urbanas del sur del Gran Buenos Aires

“…En Asia, la especie predominante es B. gibsoni aunque B. vogeli se encuentra descripta en varios países asiáticos como la India (Singla et al, 2016), Turquía (Gülanber et al, 2006), Filipinas (Ybañez et al, 2017), Japón (Inokuma et al, 2004), China (Xu et al, incipiente respuesta inflamatoria ante la infección. El otro hallazgo fue la linfopenia que se presentó en el 70% de los casos, cuya interpretación -al menos en una parte de ellos-, podría explicarse por las infecciones virales y otras afecciones concurrentes a la piroplasmosis (Bilwal et al, 2017), aunque en muchos casos esta observación podría carecer de importancia clínica (comunicación personal, Eiras, 2018). En concordancia con la escasa patogenicidad reportada para B. vogeli (Jefferies, 2006;Solano-Gallego et al, 2016), en este trabajo la mayoría de los perros infectados se presentaron con muy baja parasitemia (1% o menos de los eritrocitos parasitados).…”