Clobenzorex: Evidence for Amphetamine-Like Behavioral Actions

Young, Richard; Darmani, Nissar A.; Elder, E. L.; Dumas, Daniel; Glennon, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(96)00329-2

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Many drugs stimulate horizontal locomotion in mice (at least at low to moderate doses). Some of these, such as amphetamine (Young et al 1997), nociceptin (Florin et al 1997), and caffeine (Kaplan et al 1992), also stimulate rearing behavior. Other drugs, such as ethanol (Smoothy and Berry 1985), NocII (Florin et al 1997), and MK-801 (this study), suppress rearing behavior at doses that stimulate horizontal locomotion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimodal effects of MK-801 on locomotion and stereotypy in C57BL/6 mice

Zou

Strong

et al. 2004

Psychopharmacology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimodal effects of MK-801 on locomotion and stereotypy in C57BL/6 mice

Zou

Strong

et al. 2004

Psychopharmacology

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“…This is a central stimulant and sympathomimetic ( Sweetman, 2007 ) used as an anti‐obesity drug; an n ‐substituted amphetamine, which is metabolized to amphethamine, which could result in a positive test ( Cody, 2002 ). Its actions are like those of dexamphetamine ( Young et al ., 1997 ) and has been used as a drug of abuse ( Baumevieille et al ., 1997 ). It is reported to have been used by athletes and baseball players to decrease fatigue, increase attention and reduce reaction time.…”

Section: Compounds Listed By Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacology of stimulants prohibited by the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA)

Docherty

2008

British J Pharmacology

111

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This review examines the pharmacology of stimulants prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Stimulants that increase alertness/reduce fatigue or activate the cardiovascular system can include drugs like ephedrine available in many overthe-counter medicines. Others such as amphetamines, cocaine and hallucinogenic drugs, available on prescription or illegally, can modify mood. A total of 62 stimulants (61 chemical entities) are listed in the WADA List, prohibited in competition. Athletes may have stimulants in their body for one of three main reasons: inadvertent consumption in a propriety medicine; deliberate consumption for misuse as a recreational drug and deliberate consumption to enhance performance. The majority of stimulants on the list act on the monoaminergic systems: adrenergic (sympathetic, transmitter noradrenaline), dopaminergic (transmitter dopamine) and serotonergic (transmitter serotonin, 5-HT). Sympathomimetic describes agents, which mimic sympathetic responses, and dopaminomimetic and serotoninomimetic can be used to describe actions on the dopamine and serotonin systems. However, many agents act to mimic more than one of these monoamines, so that a collective term of monoaminomimetic may be useful. Monoaminomimietic actions of stimulants can include blockade of re-uptake of neurotransmitter, indirect release of neurotransmitter, direct activation of monoaminergic receptors. Many of the stimulants are amphetamines or amphetamine derivatives, including agents with abuse potential as recreational drugs. A number of agents are metabolized to amphetamine or metamphetamine. In addition to the monoaminomimetic agents, a small number of agents with different modes of action are on the list. A number of commonly used stimulants are not considered as Prohibited Substances.

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“…Bupropion is not considered as an useful treatment agent for cocaine abuse (4). Clobenzorex [S‐(+)‐N‐(2‐chlorobenzyl)‐amphetamine] is a N‐substituted derivative of (+) amphetamine which possesses amphetamine‐like central stimulant behavioral properties (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphetamine‐like stimulant cessation in an abusing patient treated with bupropion

Tardieu

Poirier

Micallef

et al. 2003

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Objective: Bupropion sustained release is considered to be a weak inhibitor of dopamine and serotonin reuptake. Method: We report the case of an amphetamine‐abusing patient who self‐administered bupropion. Results: Since 30 years, a 52‐year‐old women used amphetamine derivates. She explained her need for amphetamine use in order to perform daily activities. Recently, she decided to experiment with bupropion. She abruptly stopped taking clobenzorex and simultaneously started taking bupropion (150 mg/day). The seventh day she reported a concomitant intake of clobenzorex; this induced adverse effects. Whilst taking bupropion, she described experiencing an euthymic state without any compulsion to take amphetamine drugs and was able to perform daily activities. After stopping it, no symptoms of withdrawal were reported by the patient. Conclusion: This observation supports an another report suggesting that bupropion may be of help in weaning from amphetamine users and should be confirmed by clinical trials.

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Clobenzorex: Evidence for Amphetamine-Like Behavioral Actions

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Bimodal effects of MK-801 on locomotion and stereotypy in C57BL/6 mice

Bimodal effects of MK-801 on locomotion and stereotypy in C57BL/6 mice

Pharmacology of stimulants prohibited by the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA)

Amphetamine‐like stimulant cessation in an abusing patient treated with bupropion

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