Cloning and functional characterization of Rht8, a “Green Revolution” replacement gene in wheat

Xiong, Hui; Zhou, Chunyun; Fu, Meiyu; Guo, Huijun; Xie, Yi; Zhao, Liyan; Gu, Jun; Zhao, Shirong; Ding, Yuping; Li, Yuting; Zhang, Jiazi; Wang, Ke; Li, Xuejun; Liu, Luxiang

doi:10.1016/j.molp.2022.01.014

Cited by 67 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The ortholog of SG2 in wheat, Rht8/RNHL1 have been reported to regulate plant height by influencing gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis (Chai et al, 2022; Xiong et al, 2022). To understand the function of SG2 on transcriptional level regulation, we performed RNA‐seq analysis using the 1‐week‐old seedlings of wild‐type and sg2 mutant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ribonuclease H‐like gene SMALL GRAIN2 regulates grain size in rice through brassinosteroid signaling pathway

Huang

Dong

Mou

et al. 2022

JIPB

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Grain size is a key agronomic trait that determines the yield in plants. Regulation of grain size by brassinosteroids (BRs) in rice has been widely reported. However, the relationship between the BR signaling pathway and grain size still requires further study. Here, we isolated a rice mutant, named small grain2 (sg2), which displayed smaller grain and a semi-dwarf phenotype. The decreased grain size was caused by repressed cell expansion in spikelet hulls of the sg2 mutant. Using map-based cloning combined with a MutMap approach, we cloned SG2, which encodes a plant-specific protein with a ribonuclease H-like domain. SG2 is a positive regulator downstream of GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE2 (GSK2) in response to BR signaling, and its mutation causes insensitivity to exogenous BR treatment. Genetical and biochemical analysis showed that GSK2 interacts with and phosphorylates SG2. We further found that BRs enhance the accumulation of SG2 in the nucleus, and subcellular distribution of SG2 is regulated by GSK2 kinase activity. In addition, Oryza sativa OVATE family protein 19 (OsOFP19), a negative regulator of grain shape, interacts with SG2 and plays an antagonistic role with SG2 in controlling gene expression and grain size. Our results indicated that SG2 is a new component of GSK2-related BR signaling response and regulates grain size by interacting with OsOFP19.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ribonuclease H‐like gene SMALL GRAIN2 regulates grain size in rice through brassinosteroid signaling pathway

Huang

Dong

Mou

et al. 2022

JIPB

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“…Only a few genes for PH have previously been isolated, including RhtB1b , RhtD1b , Rht8 , Rht24 , and TaWUS-like . The first four genes reduce the PH via the GA pathway, and TaWUS-like may be related to the GA and/or BR pathway [ 6 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. In this study, we isolated a novel gene, TaDHL , that controls PH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two genes and their dwarfing alleles, Rht-B1c ( Rht3 ), Rht-D1c ( Rht10 ), Rht-B1e ( Rht11 ), and RhtB1p ( Rht17 ), are GA-insensitive, while the other Rht genes are responsive to GA (GA-sensitive) [ 10 ]. Recently, the gene of Rht8 , TraesCSU02G024900 or TraesCSU03G0022100 , was isolated, which encodes a ribonuclease H-like protein that regulates plant height via participating in GA biosynthesis regulation [ 18 , 19 ]. The causal gene of Rht24 , TraesCS6A02G221900 ( TaGA2ox-A9 ), was also isolated, which encodes a gibberellin (GA)2-oxidase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ATP-dependent DNA helicase (TaDHL), a Novel Reduced-Height (Rht) Gene in Wheat

Guo

Jin

Chen

et al. 2022

Genes

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In wheat, a series of dwarf and semi-dwarf plant varieties have been developed and utilized worldwide since the 1960s and caused the ‘Green Revolution’. To date, 25 reduced-height (Rht) genes have been identified, but only several genes for plant height (PH) have been isolated previously. In this study, we identified a candidate gene, ATP-dependent DNA helicase (TaDHL-7B), for PH via QTL mapping and genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods. We knocked out this gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in variety ‘Fielder’. Two homozygous mutant genotypes, AAbbDD (−5 bp) and AAbbDD (−1 bp), were obtained in the T2 generation. The PH values of AAbbDD (−5 bp) and AAbbDD (−1 bp) were significantly reduced compared with the wild-type (WT, ‘Fielder’), indicating that TaDHL-7B is a novel Rht gene that controls the PH. This is the first time that a PH gene of wheat has been isolated with a non-hormone pathway, providing a new insight into the genetic control of PH. The TaDHL gene reduced the PH without a yield penalty. It could be used to improve the lodging resistance and yield in wheat breeding programs.

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“…When Rht8 is present, the lines bearing C showed a significantly reduced PH compared with the lines with c allele. Cloning of Rht8 indicated that it encodes a protein containing a Zinc finger BED-type motif and an RNase H-like domain or RNHL-D1 that regulates plant height via influencing bioactive GA biosynthesis [ 30 , 31 ]. C might interact and work together with RNHL-D1 for the reinforcement of this semi-dwarf trait by Rht8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleiotropic Effect of the compactum Gene and Its Combined Effects with Other Loci for Spike and Grain-Related Traits in Wheat

Wen

Jiao

et al. 2022

Plants

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Club wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. compactum) with a distinctly compact spike morphology was conditioned by the dominant compactum (C) locus on chromosome 2D and resulted in a redistribution of spike yield components. The disclosure of the genetic basis of club wheat was a prerequisite for the development of widely adapted, agronomically competitive club wheat cultivars. In this study, we used a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between club wheat Hiller and modern cultivar Yangmai 158 to construct a genetic linkage map and identify quantitative trait loci associated with 15 morphological traits. The club allele acted in a semi-dominant manner and the C gene was mapped to 370.12–406.29 Mb physical region on the long arm of 2D. Apart from compact spikes, C exhibited a pleiotropic effect on ten other agronomic traits, including plant height, three spike-related traits and six grain-related traits. The compact spike phenotype was correlated with decreased grain size and weight, but with an increase in floret fertility and grain number. These pleiotropic effects make club wheat have compatible spike weight with a normal spike from common wheat. The genetic effects of various gene combinations of C with four yield-related genes, including Ppd-D1, Vrn-D3, Rht-B1b and Rht8, were evaluated. C had no epistatic interaction with any of these genes, indicating that their combinations would have an additive effect on other agronomically important traits. Our research provided a theoretical foundation for the potentially effective deployment of C gene into modern breeding varieties in combination with other favorable alleles.

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Cloning and functional characterization of Rht8, a “Green Revolution” replacement gene in wheat

Cited by 67 publications

References 11 publications

Ribonuclease H‐like gene SMALL GRAIN2 regulates grain size in rice through brassinosteroid signaling pathway

Ribonuclease H‐like gene SMALL GRAIN2 regulates grain size in rice through brassinosteroid signaling pathway

ATP-dependent DNA helicase (TaDHL), a Novel Reduced-Height (Rht) Gene in Wheat

Pleiotropic Effect of the compactum Gene and Its Combined Effects with Other Loci for Spike and Grain-Related Traits in Wheat

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