Cloning, characterization and physical mapping of three cervid satellite DNA families in the genome of the Formosan muntjac <i>(Muntiacus reevesi micrurus)</i>

Abstract

Due to their high sequence diversity even among closely related species, satellite DNA sequences can be a useful molecular marker for phylogenetic and taxonomic analyses. To characterize the satellite DNA in the genome of a native muntjac species of Taiwan, the Formosan muntjac, satellite DNA clones representing three different cervid satellite DNA families from this species were isolated and analyzed. Genomic organization study of these satellite DNAs was also undertaken. Three Formosan muntjac satellite DNA clones were obtained and designated as FM-satI (1,391 bp), FM-satII (1,143 bp) and FM-satIV (1,103 bp), and found to share ∼82, 81 and 98% sequence homology with the Chinese muntjac satellite I clone (C5), Indian muntjac satellite II clone (Mmv-0.7) and Chinese muntjac satellite IV clone (MR-1.0), respectively. These three satellite DNA families are organized in a pter←FM-satII–FM-satIV–FM-satI→qter orientation in the centromeric region with satII closely associated with the telomeric sequences. Satellite DNA sequence comparison, in combination with chromosome data concludes that the Formosan muntjac is likely a subspecies of M. reevesi, closely related to the Chinese muntjac. With the kinetochore satellite II DNA co-localizing with the telomeric sequences, the Formosan muntjac chromosomes could be truly telocentric.

Cloning, Characterization, and FISH Mapping of Four Satellite DNAs from Black Muntjac (<I>Muntiacus crinifrons</I>)and Fea's Muntjac (<I>M. feae</I>)

“…1a). When BMC5 clone was aligned with FM-sat I clone (M. reevesi micrurus satellite I clone) (Lin et al, 2004), 88% similarity was found between nucleotides 1-437 of BMC5 clone and nucleotides 775-1211 of FM-sat I clone, and there was also a 91% similarity between nucleotides 26-437 of BMC5 clone and nucleotides 4-416 of FM-sat I clone (Fig. 1b).…”

“…BM700 is 667 bp in length and had 62.37% GC content, and FM700 had a length of 660 bp and 63.03% GC content. Nucleotides 242-634 of BM700 clone had 84% similarity with nucleotides 141-533 of FM-sat II clone (M. reevesi micrurus satellite II clone) (Lin et al, 2004), and nucleotides 1-195 had 74% homology with nucleotides 619-817 of FM-sat II, and nucleotides 242-543 of BM700 was of 81% similarity with nucleotides 843-1143 of FM-sat II clone (Fig. 2b).…”

“…Some studies suggested that the repetitive DNA families at or near the centromeric and telomeric regions might facilitate illegitimate recombination between non-homologous chromosomes of muntjacs (Brinkley et al, 1984;Bogenberger et al, 1985Bogenberger et al, , 1987Benedum et al, 1986;Lin et al, 1991Lin et al, , 2004Lee et al, 1994Lee et al, , 1997Scherthan, 1995;Lee & Lin, 1996;Yang et al, 1997b;Li et al, 2000aLi et al, , b, 2002Hartmann & Scherthan, 2004). At present, four satellite DNA families are found in Muntiacus: satellite DNA families I, II, IV and V (Bogenberger et al, 1985;Lin et al, 1991Lin et al, , 2004Li et al, 2000bLi et al, , 2005. FISH mapping demonstrated that satellite I DNA of M. muntjak vaginalis, M. reevesi and M. reevesi micrurus and satellite II DNA of M. muntjak vaginalis are localized at both the centric regions and at non-random interstitial sites along the arms of the "fusion" chromosome (Lin et al, 1991(Lin et al, , 2004Li et al, 2000b).…”

“…At present, four satellite DNA families are found in Muntiacus: satellite DNA families I, II, IV and V (Bogenberger et al, 1985;Lin et al, 1991Lin et al, , 2004Li et al, 2000bLi et al, , 2005. FISH mapping demonstrated that satellite I DNA of M. muntjak vaginalis, M. reevesi and M. reevesi micrurus and satellite II DNA of M. muntjak vaginalis are localized at both the centric regions and at non-random interstitial sites along the arms of the "fusion" chromosome (Lin et al, 1991(Lin et al, , 2004Li et al, 2000b). The findings of telomeric repetitive sequences present at several interstitial locations in M. muntjak vaginalis chromosomes (Lee et al, 1993;Scherthan, 1995) as well as the comparative mapping of the satellite I and II families (Li et al, 2000b) (KCB 88003) were obtained from the Kunming Cell Bank (Kunming, Yunnan, PR China).…”

Organization and evolution of a novel cervid satellite DNA with yeast CDEI-like repeats

“…Cell lines, chromosome preparations, and DNA isolation Metaphase chromosome spreads and genomic DNAs were prepared from the fibroblast cell lines of the following species: Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis) (male cell line, CCL-157, American Type Culture Collection; female cell line, kindly supplied by Dr. Andrew P. Feinberg, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA); Formosan muntjac (M. reevesi micrurus) ; caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) (Lin et al 1991;Lee et al 1994;Lin et al 2004); male black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) (CRL-6193, American Type Culture Collection); female Chinese water deer (Hydropotes inermis) (kindly provided by Dr. F. Yang, Centre for Veterinary Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK); Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus capreolus) cell line (from San Diego Zoo, San Diego, CA, USA) and male Formosan sambar deer (Cervus unicolor swinhoei) (Li et al 2005). Metaphase chromosome spreads and genomic DNAs of Formosan sika (Cervus nippon taioanus) and Asian red deer (Cervus elaphus) were prepared from blood samples provided by a certified deer farm in Taiwan.…”