Cloning the Unclonable: Physically Cloning an FPGA Ring-Oscillator PUF

Cook, Hayden; Thompson, J.B.; Tripp, Zephram; Hutchings, Brad; Goeders, Jeffrey

doi:10.1109/icfpt56656.2022.9974597

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Grenoble Alpes It is important to note that among all the existing attacks, cloning is one of the most dangerous, as it allows the attacker to circumvent the PUF. Recently, the paper [7] exploited tailored bitstreams (generated by not respecting design rule checks) in order to create short circuits within an FPGA, thus deliberately raising the temperature around the ROs of a PUF and accelerate the aging process of PBTI (Positive Bias Temperature Instability). As a result of these efforts, they managed to successfully clone a RO-PUF .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study of High Temperature Effects on Ring Oscillator Based Physical Unclonable Functions

Douadi,

Di Natale,

Maistri

et al. 2023

2023 IEEE 29th International Symposium on on-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)

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PUFs (Physical Unclonable Functions) have been proposed as a cost-effective solution to provide a root of trust for electronic devices which exploit intrinsic process variability. They generate identification signatures and keys only when the devices are turned on, avoiding the storage of sensitive information in memories that could be targeted by attacks. Although PUFs have many perceived advantages, they also have disadvantages such as sensitivity to temperature. Indeed their behaviour can be affected by the fact that high temperatures can accelerate permanent and transient phenomena, such as aging and transistor switching speed. In this paper we show the effects of externally induced heat on the functioning of Ring Oscillators (ROs), which form the basis of RO-PUFs. Moreover, we discuss the feasibility of temperature attacks on PUFs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the results shown in [7], this study focuses on the effects of temperature on PUFs, specifically ring oscillator PUFs. The study assumes that an attacker is able to locally modify the temperature of selected ring oscillators, either with short circuits (as described above) or with other techniques, such as laser injection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of High Temperature Effects on Ring Oscillator Based Physical Unclonable Functions

Douadi,

Di Natale,

Maistri

et al. 2023

2023 IEEE 29th International Symposium on on-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS)

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Techniques for Exploring Fine-Grained LUT and Routing Aging on a 28nm FPGA

Cook,

Goeders

2024

2024 34th International Conference on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL)

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Non-Invasive Attack on Ring Oscillator-Based PUFs Through Localized X-Ray Irradiation

Tebina,

Douadi,

Salvo

et al. 2024

2024 IEEE International Symposium on Hardware Oriented Security and Trust (HOST)

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Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are emerging as a fundamental component of secure architectures that provide services such as authentication and key generation. A specific class of PUF is based on Ring Oscillators (ROs), where minimal behavioral differences due to process variations are harnessed to generate unique responses. The inherent strength of PUFs lies in the fact that it is practically impossible to control these phenomena to forge a specific response from the device. In this paper, we present a novel approach by introducing localized X-Ray attacks on PUFs for the first time. These attacks significantly alter the behavior of a selected RO within the array of oscillators on an FPGA. By biasing the properties of the target block, we demonstrate the feasibility of modifying the response of a specific PUF. In particular, these attacks can be executed when the target is powered off, bypassing several circuit monitoring countermeasures. This capability introduces a new class of attacks that exploit vulnerabilities even in systems with stringent security measures, raising concerns about the robustness of current security frameworks.

show abstract

Cloning the Unclonable: Physically Cloning an FPGA Ring-Oscillator PUF

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

A Study of High Temperature Effects on Ring Oscillator Based Physical Unclonable Functions

A Study of High Temperature Effects on Ring Oscillator Based Physical Unclonable Functions

Techniques for Exploring Fine-Grained LUT and Routing Aging on a 28nm FPGA

Non-Invasive Attack on Ring Oscillator-Based PUFs Through Localized X-Ray Irradiation

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