Cloud Condensation Nuclei and Immersion Freezing Abilities of Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Particles Measured with the Meteorological Research Institute's Cloud Simulation Chamber

Kuo, Tzu‐Hsien; Murakami, Masataka; Tajiri, Takeyoshi; Orikasa, Narihiro

doi:10.2151/jmsj.2019-032

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…At the Meteorological Research Institute's cloud simulation chamber in Japan, various natural and artificial particles have been tested for ability to act as CCN and INP and used for climatological monitoring of background CCN/INP properties (Kuo et al, 2019). There are many new investments and developments of large expansion cloud chambers from the China Meteorological Administration branches at province and city levels in the last 5 years.…”

Section: Possible Paths Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confronting the Challenge of Modeling Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics

Morrison

Lier-Walqui

Fridlind

et al. 2020

J Adv Model Earth Syst

245

125

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In the atmosphere, microphysics refers to the microscale processes that affect cloud and precipitation particles and is a key linkage among the various components of Earth's atmospheric water and energy cycles. The representation of microphysical processes in models continues to pose a major challenge leading to uncertainty in numerical weather forecasts and climate simulations. In this paper, the problem of treating microphysics in models is divided into two parts: (i) how to represent the population of cloud and precipitation particles, given the impossibility of simulating all particles individually within a cloud, and (ii) uncertainties in the microphysical process rates owing to fundamental gaps in knowledge of cloud physics. The recently developed Lagrangian particle‐based method is advocated as a way to address several conceptual and practical challenges of representing particle populations using traditional bulk and bin microphysics parameterization schemes. For addressing critical gaps in cloud physics knowledge, sustained investment for observational advances from laboratory experiments, new probe development, and next‐generation instruments in space is needed. Greater emphasis on laboratory work, which has apparently declined over the past several decades relative to other areas of cloud physics research, is argued to be an essential ingredient for improving process‐level understanding. More systematic use of natural cloud and precipitation observations to constrain microphysics schemes is also advocated. Because it is generally difficult to quantify individual microphysical process rates from these observations directly, this presents an inverse problem that can be viewed from the standpoint of Bayesian statistics. Following this idea, a probabilistic framework is proposed that combines elements from statistical and physical modeling. Besides providing rigorous constraint of schemes, there is an added benefit of quantifying uncertainty systematically. Finally, a broader hierarchical approach is proposed to accelerate improvements in microphysics schemes, leveraging the advances described in this paper related to process modeling (using Lagrangian particle‐based schemes), laboratory experimentation, cloud and precipitation observations, and statistical methods.

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Section: Possible Paths Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confronting the Challenge of Modeling Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics

Morrison

Lier-Walqui

Fridlind

et al. 2020

J Adv Model Earth Syst

245

125

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“…The ns from the INC measurements were derived as described in Kuo et al (2019). To identify mineral dust particles from the POPC measurements, the algorithm developed by Takatori et al (2015) was applied.…”

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variations of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Focused on Cloud Condensation Nuclei and Ice Nucleating Particles from Ground-Based Observations in Tsukuba, Japan

Orikasa

Saito

Yamashita

et al. 2020

SOLA

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This is a PDF of a manuscript that has been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication. As the article has not yet been formatted, copy edited or proofread, the final published version may be different from the early online release. This pre-publication manuscript may be downloaded, distributed and used under the provisions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. It may be cited using the DOI below.

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Metal Oxide Particles as Atmospheric Nuclei: Exploring the Role of Metal Speciation in Heterogeneous Efflorescence and Ice Nucleation

Schiffman

Fernanders

Davis

et al. 2023

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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Mineral dust can indirectly impact climate by nucleation of atmospheric solids, for example, by heterogeneously nucleating ice in mixed-phase clouds or by impacting the phase of aerosols and clouds through contact nucleation. The effectiveness toward nucleation of individual components of mineral dust requires further study. Here, the nucleation behavior of metal oxide nanoparticle components of atmospheric mineral dust is investigated. A long-working-distance optical trap is used to study contact and immersion nucleation of ammonium sulfate by transitionmetal oxides, and an environmental chamber is used to probe depositional ice nucleation on metal oxide particles. Previous theory dictates that ice nucleation and heterogeneous nucleation of atmospheric salts can be impacted by several factors including morphology, lattice match, and surface area. Here, we observe a correlation between the cationic oxidation states of the metal oxide heterogeneous nuclei and their effectiveness in causing nucleation in both contact efflorescence mode and depositional freezing mode. In contrast to the activity of contact efflorescence, the same metal oxide particles did not cause a significant increase in efflorescence relative humidity when immersed in the droplet. These experiments suggest that metal speciation, possibly as a result of cationic charge sites, may play a role in the effectiveness of nucleation that is initiated at particle surfaces.

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Cloud Condensation Nuclei and Immersion Freezing Abilities of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Particles Measured with the Meteorological Research Institute's Cloud Simulation Chamber

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Confronting the Challenge of Modeling Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics

Confronting the Challenge of Modeling Cloud and Precipitation Microphysics

Seasonal Variations of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Focused on Cloud Condensation Nuclei and Ice Nucleating Particles from Ground-Based Observations in Tsukuba, Japan

Metal Oxide Particles as Atmospheric Nuclei: Exploring the Role of Metal Speciation in Heterogeneous Efflorescence and Ice Nucleation

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