Cluster analysis and geochemical processes for the characterization of the aquifer system in Maracanã/São Luis/MA

Almeida, José; Barros, João; Mesquita, Bruno Alves de; Silva, Carla Maria Salgado Vidal; Fílho, J. Mendes; Frischkorn, Horst; Santiago, Maria Marlúcia Freitas

doi:10.1590/2318-0331.011615182

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Most of our conductivity results are above CETESB's limit value. Consequently, sampled wells can be classified as being of medium to high salinity [18, 19] (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An integrated assessment of water quality in a land reform settlement in northern Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil

Portal

Pedlowski

Almeida

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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The Zumbi dos Palmares land reform settlement lacks modern facilities for water and sewage treatment. Local farmers often use shallow wells as alternative source of water supply, because the water table is reasonably high in the region. This work presents a multivariate analysis assessment of physicochemical and bacteriological parameters and pesticide residues in water samples collected from these shallow wells. The physicochemical parameters analyzed were: conductivity, pH, DOC (dissolved organic carbon), nitrate, turbidity, and bacteriological analysis measuring total and fecal coliforms. The results show non-compliance with Brazilian legal standards in most samples where low pH values were found, characterizing the presence of acidic waters. Another example of non-compliance is the presence of total and fecal coliforms in for drinking water in most of the samples and, in some cases, very high values (2,400 CFU). Some wells showed high conductivity values, probably associated with a history of oceanic intrusion. Analyses determining the contamination by pesticides show the presence of ametrine, atrazine, methyl parathion, carbaryl and hexazinone. The concentration for these compounds ranged from 0.14 to 1.17 μg/L. Ordinance No 2914/2011 from the Brazilian Ministry of Health establishes the acceptable limits for atrazine and methyl parathion as 9 μg L −1 and 2 μg L −1 . None of these exceeded the allowable Brazilian and European limits. However, for the other two pesticides, the European Legislation (Council Directive) recommends the maximum allowable concentration of 0.1 μg L −1 and, 0.5 μg L −1 for total pesticides. Our samples that were above the quantifiable limit of 50 ng L −1 , were also above the European limit values. Our results therefore suggest that water gathered from shallow wells at the Zumbi dos Palmares settlement is not proper for consumption without proper disinfection treatments.

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“…Most of our conductivity results are above CETESB's limit value. Consequently, sampled wells can be classified as being of medium to high salinity [18, 19] (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was not an expected result. Usually the salinity of wells increases, as recharge decreases [19]. But since these were very shallow wells, ion leaching from the surface might have had an immediate effect on conductivity values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated assessment of water quality in a land reform settlement in northern Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil

Portal

Pedlowski

Almeida

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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“…In such a way, groundwater should be protected to maintain highquality and quantity levels, as well as to regulate exploited volume (e.g. ALMEIDA et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water quality assessment and geochemical processes in the unconfined coastal Boa Viagem Aquifer, Recife, NE Brazil

et al. 2021

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A hydrochemical study was conducted on the Quaternary Aquifer, in Recife, Brazil. Groundwater samples were collected in March–April 2015, at the beginning of the rainy season. Conventional graphics, ionic ratios, saturation indices, GIS mapping, and geostatistical and multivariate statistical analyses were used to water quality assessment and to characterize the main hydrochemical processes controlling groundwater’s chemistry. Q-mode hierarchical cluster analysis separated the samples into three clusters and five sub-clusters according to their hydrochemical similarities and facies. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to the studied groundwater samples where a three-factor model explains 80% of the total variation within the dataset. The PCA results revealed the influence of seawater intrusion, water-rock interaction, and nitrate contamination. The physico-chemical parameters of ~30% groundwaters exceed the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking water quality. Nitrate was found at a concentration >10 mg NO3−/L in ~21% of the wells and exceeded WHO reference values in one. The integrated approach indicates the occurrence of the main major hydrogeochemical processes occurring in the shallow marine to alluvial aquifer as follow: 1) progressive freshening of remaining paleo-seawater accompanying cation exchange on fine sediments, 2) water-rock interaction (i.e., dissolution of silicates), and 3) point and diffuse wastewater contamination, and sulfate dissolution. This study successfully highlights the use of classical geochemical methods, GIS techniques, and multivariate statistical analyses (hierarchical cluster and principal component analyses) as complementary tools to understand hydrogeochemical processes and their influence on groundwater quality status to management actions, which could be used in similar alluvial coastal aquifers.

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“…Some studies have used multivariate techniques to group together different bodies of water based on hydrochemical parameters in several conditions, such as works developed by Almeída and Frischkorn (2015) and Almeida et al (2016). However, there are no current studies of bathymetric monitoring of bodies of water which utilize this technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate analysis of bathymetry in the evaluation of reservoirs in Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil

Bezerra

Shinozaki-Mendes

Moura

2020

R. Agrogeoambiental

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The constant demand for water resources has increased the need for research and adoption of new water use and management practices. In this sense, this work utilizes multivariate cluster analysis to identify the correlation of respective depths of bodies of water in Serra Talhada city, over different periods of rainfall. In order to achieve this, four bathymetric surveys were carried out during one year for three reservoirs within the municipality of Serra Talhada, then cluster analysis and multiple modeling were used to identify the most influential variables on reservoir depth. Based on our results, the multivariate grouping technique can be used to define periods of higher and lower water storage, through bathymetric data, as well as to understand the effects of regional precipitation variability on the water levels of reservoirs. In addition, the generated model indicated a clear influence of the previous month's precipitation on the bathymetry of the reservoirs.

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Cluster analysis and geochemical processes for the characterization of the aquifer system in Maracanã/São Luis/MA

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

An integrated assessment of water quality in a land reform settlement in northern Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil

An integrated assessment of water quality in a land reform settlement in northern Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil

Water quality assessment and geochemical processes in the unconfined coastal Boa Viagem Aquifer, Recife, NE Brazil

Multivariate analysis of bathymetry in the evaluation of reservoirs in Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil

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