CmeR Functions as a Pleiotropic Regulator and Is Required for Optimal Colonization of
            <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>
            In Vivo

Guo, Baoqing; Wang, Ying; Shi, Feng; Barton, Yi-Wen; Plummer, Paul J.; Reynolds, Donald L.; Nettleton, Dan; Grinnage-Pulley, Tara; Lin, Jun; Zhang, Qijing

doi:10.1128/jb.01796-07

Cited by 61 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…We also observed striking upregulation of cj0561c at all time points. This gene was previously identified as being controlled by the negative regulator CmeR and is also upregulated by bile salts and in the intestinal tract; however, a cj0561c mutant does not have increased sensitivity to bile (18,54). Cj0561c is annotated as a putative periplasmic protein, although bioinformatic analysis suggests that it has a porin-like architecture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A site-insertional KpsM (capsule export protein) mutant (kanamycin [Kn] resistance) was a kind gift from P. Guerry (3); DNA was purified and the mutation reintroduced into wild-type strain 81-176 by natural transformation and selection with kanamycin. A cj0561c mutant was generated based on the procedures of Guo et al (18). All C. jejuni strains were grown at 38°C on Mueller-Hinton (MH) agar or broth (Oxoid, Cambridge, United Kingdom) supplemented with vancomycin (10 g ml Ϫ1 ) and trimethoprim (5 g ml Ϫ1 ) under microaerobic and increased-CO 2 conditions (6% O 2 and 12% CO 2 ) in a Sanyo tri-gas incubator (solid media) or generated using the Oxoid CampyGen system (shaken broth cultures).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyperosmotic Stress Response of Campylobacter jejuni

et al. 2012

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The diarrheal pathogen Campylobacter jejuni and other gastrointestinal bacteria encounter changes in osmolarity in the environment, through exposure to food processing, and upon entering host organisms, where osmotic adaptation can be associated with virulence. In this study, growth profiles, transcriptomics, and phenotypic, mutant, and single-cell analyses were used to explore the effects of hyperosmotic stress exposure on C. jejuni. Increased growth inhibition correlated with increased osmotic concentration, with both ionic and nonionic stressors inhibiting growth at 0.620 total osmol liter ؊1 . C. jejuni adaptation to a range of osmotic stressors and concentrations was accompanied by severe filamentation in subpopulations, with microscopy indicating septum formation and phenotypic diversity between individual cells in a filament. Population heterogeneity was also exemplified by the bifurcation of colony morphology into small and large variants on salt stress plates. Flow cytometry of C. jejuni harboring green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to the ATP synthase promoter likewise revealed bimodal subpopulations under hyperosmotic stress. We also identified frequent hyperosmotic stress-sensitive variants within the clonal wild-type population propagated on standard laboratory medium. Microarray analysis following hyperosmotic upshift revealed enhanced expression of heat shock genes and genes encoding enzymes for synthesis of potential osmoprotectants and cross-protective induction of oxidative stress genes. The capsule export gene kpsM was also upregulated, and an acapsular mutant was defective for growth under hyperosmotic stress. For C. jejuni, an organism lacking most conventional osmotic response factors, these data suggest an unusual hyperosmotic stress response, including likely "bet-hedging" survival strategies relying on the presence of stress-fit individuals in a heterogeneous population.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperosmotic Stress Response of Campylobacter jejuni

et al. 2012

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“…To investigate the molecular basis of high FQ resistance in the C. jejuni isolates, we analyzed the full gene sequences encoding the DNA gyrase subunits (gyrA and gyrB) (9,10) and the topoisomerase IV subunits (parC and parE) (11,12), which are known targets of FQ, the regulatory protein CmeR, and the sequence of the promoter region of cmeABC, which encodes an efflux pump (13,14), by DNA sequencing as previously described (15,16). The MICs of ciprofloxacin against the 39 isolates which represent different sequence variants were tested according to CLSI guidelines (17,28).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between gyrA and CmeR Box Polymorphism and Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni Isolates in China

Zhāng

Cheng

Luo

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Sequence analysis of 79 ciprofloxacin-resistant Campylobacter jejuni isolates collected in China showed resistance-related sequence variations in gyrA and CmeR-Box. All the isolates contain an identical Thr-86-Ile substitution in GyrA. Several novel CmeR-Box variations, including point substitutions, deletion, and insertion, were identified. The point insertion or deletion led to dramatically reduced binding of CmeR to the cmeABC promoter, which significantly increases the expression of cmeABC and contributes to the high fluoroquinolone resistance.

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“…However, the importance of heme utilization is further substantiated by the ability of most Helicobacter spp. to utilize heme for growth and by the identification of a heme oxygenase homolog, HugZ, in H. pylori (134,236).…”

Section: Iron Uptake and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change Is Good: Variations in Common Biological Mechanisms in the Epsilonproteobacterial GeneraCampylobacterandHelicobacter

Gilbreath

Cody

Merrell

et al. 2011

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARY Microbial evolution and subsequent species diversification enable bacterial organisms to perform common biological processes by a variety of means. The epsilonproteobacteria are a diverse class of prokaryotes that thrive in diverse habitats. Many of these environmental niches are labeled as extreme, whereas other niches include various sites within human, animal, and insect hosts. Some epsilonproteobacteria, such as Campylobacter jejuni and Helicobacter pylori , are common pathogens of humans that inhabit specific regions of the gastrointestinal tract. As such, the biological processes of pathogenic Campylobacter and Helicobacter spp. are often modeled after those of common enteric pathogens such as Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli . While many exquisite biological mechanisms involving biochemical processes, genetic regulatory pathways, and pathogenesis of disease have been elucidated from studies of Salmonella spp. and E. coli , these paradigms often do not apply to the same processes in the epsilonproteobacteria. Instead, these bacteria often display extensive variation in common biological mechanisms relative to those of other prototypical bacteria. In this review, five biological processes of commonly studied model bacterial species are compared to those of the epsilonproteobacteria C. jejuni and H. pylori . Distinct differences in the processes of flagellar biosynthesis, DNA uptake and recombination, iron homeostasis, interaction with epithelial cells, and protein glycosylation are highlighted. Collectively, these studies support a broader view of the vast repertoire of biological mechanisms employed by bacteria and suggest that future studies of the epsilonproteobacteria will continue to provide novel and interesting information regarding prokaryotic cellular biology.

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CmeR Functions as a Pleiotropic Regulator and Is Required for Optimal Colonization of Campylobacter jejuni In Vivo

Cited by 61 publications

References 52 publications

Hyperosmotic Stress Response of Campylobacter jejuni

Hyperosmotic Stress Response of Campylobacter jejuni

Correlation between gyrA and CmeR Box Polymorphism and Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni Isolates in China

Change Is Good: Variations in Common Biological Mechanisms in the Epsilonproteobacterial GeneraCampylobacterandHelicobacter

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