CML24 is Involved in Root Mechanoresponses and Cortical Microtubule Orientation in Arabidopsis

Wang, Yichuan; Wang, Bochu; Gilroy, Simon; Chehab, E. Wassim; Braam, Janet

doi:10.1007/s00344-011-9209-9

Cited by 44 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…1B, mechanical touch stimulus could promote lateral root growth and development, and the DLR was significantly increased at 30° from the vertical. As the characteristic root growth pattern on the surface of agar plate, the skewing growth pattern was reported by numerous studies (Monshausen and Gilroy, 2009b;Oliva and Dunand, 2007;Qi and Zheng, 2013;Wang et al, 2011). In our experiments, the results showed that primary roots exhibited slight, insignificant left skewing at 30° from the vertical ( Figs 1C and 3A), indicating that the roots growth direction was along the gravitational vector on inclined plates.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…All the mutants tested in this work exhibited similar waving behaviours to those of the WT. However, evidence supporting the conclusion that tch2 root response to mechanical cues comes from the analysis of mechanically stimulated roots growing on tilted agar plates and other mechanostimulus (Braam, 1992;Henry-Vian et al, 1995;Sistrunk et al, 1994;Wang et al, 2011). We have found that tch2 roots growing on inclined plates appear left-and right skewed compared with those of WT (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Mechanical touch responses of Arabidopsis TCH1-3 mutant roots on inclined hard-agar surface

Zha

Wang

Liu

et al. 2016

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. The gravity-induced mechanical touch stimulus can affect plant root architecture. Mechanical touch responses of plant roots are an important aspect of plant root growth and development. Previous studies have reported that Arabidopsis TCH1-3 genes are involved in mechano-related events, however, the physiological functions of TCH1-3 genes in Arabidopsis root mechanoresponses remain unclear. In the present study, we applied an inclined hard agar plate method to produce mechanical touch stimulus, and provided evidence that altered mechanical environment could influence root growth. Furthermore, tch1-3 Arabidopsis mutants were investigated on inclined agar surfaces to explore the functions of TCH1-3 genes on Arabidopsis root mechanoresponses. The results showed that two tch2 mutants, cml24-2 and cml24-4, exhibited significantly reduced root length, biased skewing, and decreased density of lateral root. In addition, primary root length and density of lateral root of tch3 (cml12-2) was significantly decreased on inclined agar surfaces. This study indicates that the tch2 and tch3 mutants are hypersensitive to mechanical touch stimulus, and TCH2 (CML24-2 and CML24-4) and TCH3 (CML12-2) genes may participate in the mechanical touch response of Arabidopsis roots.K e y w o r d s: mechanical touch stimulation, TCH1-3 genes, root growth, Arabidopsis

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Mechanical touch responses of Arabidopsis TCH1-3 mutant roots on inclined hard-agar surface

Zha

Wang

Liu

et al. 2016

International Agrophysics

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“…IQGAPs contribute to the regulation of cell-to-cell contact and coordinate intracellular signaling from membranes to the nucleus (Smith et al, 2015). However, plant genomes do not encode IQGAPs, and the mechanisms of Ca 2+ -mediated cytoskeletal organization are largely elusive (Hepler, 1992(Hepler, , 2005Wang et al, 2011). During the colonization of terrestrial habitats, novel adaptive traits evolved in land plants (Graham, 1996), and the size of plant CaM/CML families expanded greatly to provide versatility for transducing complex Ca 2+ signals into numerous cellular and environmental responses (McCormack et al, 2005;Zhu et al, 2015b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The IQD Family of Calmodulin-Binding Proteins Links Calcium Signaling to Microtubules, Membrane Subdomains, and the Nucleus

et al. 2017

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ORCID IDs: 0000-0002-3493-4800 (K.B.); 0000-0002-7146-043X (B.M.).Calcium (Ca 2+ ) signaling and dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton are essential processes for the coordination and control of plant cell shape and cell growth. Calmodulin (CaM) and closely related calmodulin-like (CML) polypeptides are principal sensors of Ca 2+ signals. CaM/CMLs decode and relay information encrypted by the second messenger via differential interactions with a wide spectrum of targets to modulate their diverse biochemical activities. The plant-specific IQ67 DOMAIN (IQD) family emerged as possibly the largest class of CaM-interacting proteins with undefined molecular functions and biological roles. Here, we show that the 33 members of the IQD family in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) differentially localize, using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged proteins, to multiple and distinct subcellular sites, including microtubule (MT) arrays, plasma membrane subdomains, and nuclear compartments. Intriguingly, the various IQD-specific localization patterns coincide with the subcellular patterns of IQD-dependent recruitment of CaM, suggesting that the diverse IQD members sequester Ca 2+ -CaM signaling modules to specific subcellular sites for precise regulation of Ca 2+ -dependent processes. Because MT localization is a hallmark of most IQD family members, we quantitatively analyzed GFP-labeled MT arrays in Nicotiana benthamiana cells transiently expressing GFP-IQD fusions and observed IQD-specific MT patterns, which point to a role of IQDs in MT organization and dynamics. Indeed, stable overexpression of select IQD proteins in Arabidopsis altered cellular MT orientation, cell shape, and organ morphology. Because IQDs share biochemical properties with scaffold proteins, we propose that IQD families provide an assortment of platform proteins for integrating CaM-dependent Ca 2+ signaling at multiple cellular sites to regulate cell function, shape, and growth.

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“…Several Arabidopsis mutants that exhibit altered patterns of growth on the surface of agar plates have been identified [6,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) that contribute to root skewing behaviors [19,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microtubule-Associated Protein END BINDING1b, Auxin, and Root Responses to Mechanical Cues

Squires

Bisgrove

2013

J Plant Growth Regul

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The microtubule associated protein END BINDING1b (EB1b) is a regulator of root responses to mechanical cues. Here, three studies aimed at understanding the role of EB1b in these processes are presented. First, the relationship between EB1b and auxin during root responses to mechanical cues was assessed. The results suggest that EB1b and auxin transport/signaling affect root responses by different mechanisms.Next, the effects of altered EB1b expression levels and protein structure on root responses were investigated. Overexpression of EB1b reduced root responses, and the addition of GFP to the carboxy terminus of the protein abolished its ability to act as a repressor. Finally, evidence was obtained that supports a model in which root responses to mechanical cues are modulated by two competing processes, one activating and one repressing. In this model, repression by EB1b would provide a threshold which touch stimulation must overcome to elicit a response.

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CML24 is Involved in Root Mechanoresponses and Cortical Microtubule Orientation in Arabidopsis

Cited by 44 publications

References 48 publications

Mechanical touch responses of Arabidopsis TCH1-3 mutant roots on inclined hard-agar surface

Mechanical touch responses of Arabidopsis TCH1-3 mutant roots on inclined hard-agar surface

The IQD Family of Calmodulin-Binding Proteins Links Calcium Signaling to Microtubules, Membrane Subdomains, and the Nucleus

The Microtubule-Associated Protein END BINDING1b, Auxin, and Root Responses to Mechanical Cues

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