CO₂ fixation into cyclic carbonates catalyzed by single-site aprotic organocatalysts

Abstract

CO2 fixation is a prominent research theme that attracts scientists, stakeholders and governmental entities attention to ultimately bring commercial products to the market. Herein, a series of mono-, bi-functional and...

The Use of Sustainable Transition Metals for the Cycloaddition of Epoxides and CO2 under Mild Reaction Conditions

“…Recently, our group reported on catalysing the coupling reaction by using one pot, in situ generated zinc complexes bearing ascorbate [42] and several diketones [43] under 1 bar CO 2 and moderate temperatures without the need for extra additives. As a continuation of our group efforts in applying naturally occurring and synthetic materials for CO 2 capturing and utilization, [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] we report on the synthesis of zinc curcumin (Zn-Cur) complex to catalyze the cycloaddition reaction of CO 2 with several terminal and internal epoxides including pinene and limonene oxides under ambient conditions. For comparison reasons, Cur was also used as a ligand with other sustainable metals including Mg II , Ca II , and Ni II .…”

Organocatalytic Polymers from Affordable and Readily Available Building Blocks for the Cycloaddition of CO2 to Epoxides

“…Imidazolium halide salts can be regarded as bifunctional catalysts for the synthesis of 5CCs given the concurrent presence of halide nucleophiles and acidic C2 protons serving as HBDs . Their catalytic activity is affected by the strength of the interaction between the positively charged imidazolium ring, the halide anion (ion pairing) , and the steric effect of the substituents at the nitrogen atoms that can reduce the ion-paring effect. , Various polymer-based materials comprising imidazolium moieties were prepared in the past and used for the synthesis of 5CCs, generally, under harsh reaction conditions (T ≥ 130 °C, p ≥ 20 bar). ,, Herein, we will focus on a few recent advances on polymeric materials comprising heterogenized imidazolium salts with activity under mild conditions for the synthesis of 5CCs.…”

Newly synthesized imidazolium precursors for CO2utilization and sequestration: aproticversusprotic salts

“…Moreover, they have been used as ILs to capture and catalyze CO 2 conversion into a wide range of products following different distinct mechanisms, 15 in particular, the coupling of CO 2 and epoxides which has been reported by our research group and others. [16][17][18][19] Recently, we have utilized both homogeneous and heterogeneous imidazolium based catalysts such as caffeinium bromide, 17 synthetic IL precursors, 18 and their polymeric forms 19 to produce CCs under relatively mild reaction conditions, with quantitative yields. The Godard group synthesized a series of NHC hybrid imidazolium systems immobilized onto different carbon surfaces (such as carbon beads, nanotubes, and reduced graphene oxide), where the latter support resulted in the best performance in terms of recyclability and yield.…”