CO2 emissions from forest loss

Werf, Guido R. van der; Morton, Douglas C.; DeFries, Ruth; Olivier, J. G. J.; Kasibhatla, P. S.; Jackson, Robert B.; Collatz, G. J.; Randerson, James T.

doi:10.1038/ngeo671

Cited by 1,200 publications

(570 citation statements)

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“…Deforestation and forest degradation account for 12% to 17% of global greenhouse gas emissions (IPCC, 2007;van der Werf et al, 2009). Developing countries that wish to participate in REDD+ have been requested to construct a reference emissions level/reference level, which is a benchmark for estimating emission reductions that are eventually achieved by REDD+.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional shifting agriculture: tracking forest carbon stock and biodiversity through time in western Panama

Pelletier

Codjia

Potvin

2012

Global Change Biology

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Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) requires developing countries to quantify green-house gas emissions and removals from forests in a manner that is robust, transparent, and as accurate as possible. While shifting cultivation is a dominant practice in several developing countries, there is still very limited information available on how to monitor this land-use practice for REDD+ as little is known about the areas of shifting cultivation or the net carbon balance. In the present work, we propose and test a methodology to monitor the effect of the shifting cultivation on above-ground carbon stocks. We combine multi-year remote sensing information, taken from a 12-year period, with an in-depth community forest carbon stock inventory in Palo Seco Forest Reserve, western Panama. With remote sensing, we were able to separate four forest classes expressing different forest-use intensity and timesince-intervention which demonstrate expected trends in above-ground carbon stocks. The addition of different interventions observed over time is shown to be a good predictor, with remote sensing variables explaining 64.2% of the variation in forest carbon stocks in cultivated landscapes. Multi-temporal and multi-spectral medium resolution satellite imagery is shown to be adequate for tracking land-use dynamics of the agriculture-fallow cycle. The results also indicate that, over time, shifting cultivation has a transitory effect on forest carbon stocks in the study area. This is due to the rapid recovery of forest carbon stocks, which results in limited net emissions. Finally, community participation yielded important additional benefits to measuring

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional shifting agriculture: tracking forest carbon stock and biodiversity through time in western Panama

Pelletier

Codjia

Potvin

2012

Global Change Biology

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“…and 20 % of global emissions (van der Werf et al 2009;IPCC 2007), which calls for urgent activities to maintain the remaining areas of natural forests.…”

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confidence: 99%

The global climate change mitigation strategy REDD: monitoring costs and uncertainties jeopardize economic benefits

2012

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REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) has been suggested as a climate change mitigation strategy that is based on the philosophy to reward countries for reducing their deforestation and forest degradation by financial benefits via the generation of carbon credits. While the potential of REDD has been widely discussed, minor attention has been drawn to the implication of uncertainties and costs associated with the estimation of carbon stock changes. To raise awareness of these issues, we conducted a simulation study for a set of countries that show high to low deforestation rates, which demonstrates that the potential to generate benefits from REDD depends highly on the magnitude of the total error while assessment costs and the price of carbon credits play a minor role. For countries with low deforestation rates REDD is obviously not an option for generating benefits as they would need to implement monitoring systems that are able to estimate carbon stock changes with a total error well below 1 %. Total errors feasible under operational monitoring systems are only sufficient to gain revenues from REDDregimes under high deforestation rates.

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“…En la actualidad, la quema de combustibles fósiles como el carbón, petróleo y gas natural producen poco más de 30 Gtons de CO 2 cada año, y tan solo la deforestación de las zonas tropicales producen poco más de 4 Gtons de CO 2 cada año (Van Der Werf et al, 2009), cifras alarmantes en materia de contaminación ambiental y desequilibrio ecológico global. Asimismo, se estima que a nivel mundial, las emisiones de CO 2 emitidas tan solo por la producción del cemento Portland alcanza 2.000 Mtons anuales: la producción de acero y hierro llega a 1.000 Mtons anuales; y la manufactura de aluminio a 8 Mtons de CO 2 anuales (Van Der Werf et al, 2009).…”

Section: Planeación Inteligente De Rura-ciudades Una Respuesta a La unclassified

“…Asimismo, se estima que a nivel mundial, las emisiones de CO 2 emitidas tan solo por la producción del cemento Portland alcanza 2.000 Mtons anuales: la producción de acero y hierro llega a 1.000 Mtons anuales; y la manufactura de aluminio a 8 Mtons de CO 2 anuales (Van Der Werf et al, 2009). Estos son solo algunos datos relacionados con la industria de la construcción, sin embargo las emisiones de CO 2 aumentan exponencialmente con el paso del tiempo, al ritmo de crecimiento de las ciudades y con la evidente sobrepoblación del medio urbano generalmente.…”

Section: Planeación Inteligente De Rura-ciudades Una Respuesta a La unclassified

Rura-ciudades como alternativa de planeación urbana inteligente

Moreno

Vargas

2016

Revista De Urbanismo

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128 Rura-ciudades como alternativa de planeación urbana inteligenteRura-cities as an alternative of smart urban planning ResumenEste trabajo contiene un acercamiento basado en un cambio de paradigma relacionado con la planeación de ciudades, en donde por medio de una revisión de literatura y reflexión de varios temas, tales como derecho a la ciudad, sustentabilidad urbana, mitigación del cambio climático, metabolismo urbano e impacto ambiental en el hábitat urbano y natural, se llega a un nuevo tipo de planeación de ciudades de bajo carbono, denominadas rura-ciudades. Dentro de sus características particulares, resalta el empleo de los usos de suelo de tipo rural complementados con usos de suelo de tipo urbano, conformando un híbrido que mejora el metabolismo urbano de las ciudades, proporcionando mayor calidad de vida a sus habitantes, disminución en el deterioro y fragmentación del medio rural y de los distintos impactos ambientales causados por la urbanización.Palabras clave: ciudades de bajo carbono, metabolismo urbano, planeación urbana, ruraciudades, sustentabilidad urbana. AbstractThis paper contains a proposal based on a paradigm change related to the planning of cities, where through a literature review and reflection on various topics like: right to the city; urban sustainability; climate change mitigation; urban metabolism and environmental impact in urban and natural habitat, we reach a new type of low carbon cities called rura-cities. Their particular characteristics the use of rural land use type is supplemented with urban land use type, which come together in a hybrid that improves the urban metabolism of cities, offering a better quality of life of its inhabitants, a reduction in the deterioration and fragmentation of rural areas and reducing other environmental impacts caused by urbanization.

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CO2 emissions from forest loss

Cited by 1,200 publications

References 15 publications

Traditional shifting agriculture: tracking forest carbon stock and biodiversity through time in western Panama

Traditional shifting agriculture: tracking forest carbon stock and biodiversity through time in western Panama

The global climate change mitigation strategy REDD: monitoring costs and uncertainties jeopardize economic benefits

Rura-ciudades como alternativa de planeación urbana inteligente

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