Coastal and settlement typologies-based tsunami modeling along the northern Sumatra seismic gap zone for disaster risk reduction action plans

Jihad, Abdi; Muksin, Umar; Syamsidik, Syamsidik; Suppasri, Anawat; Ramli, Marwan; Banyunegoro, Vrieslend Haris

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101800

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The wave generation was based on three earthquake magnitudes: Mw 8.0, Mw 8.5, and Mw 9.2. Possibility return period for this earthquake are from 50 to 200 yaers [19]. For scenario Mw 9.2, the rapture parameters were based on the 2004 earthquake conditions [1].…”

Section: Initial Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The west coast area is also included in the area with a high level of tsunami hazard [18]. Research on the potensial earthquake along west of Sumatra subduction zone had been carry out, return period of earthquake surrounding this area are 50 to 200 years with magnitude from Mw 8.0 to 9.2 [19]. However, research on the potential tsunami hazard in the future for the west coast of Aceh Besar has not been carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating characteristics of tsunami hazards for west coast of Aceh Besar district, Indonesia

et al. 2022

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The seismic activities of a long section of the Sunda Plate revealed the vulnerability of the Indian Ocean to tsunami along the west coast of Sumatra, including on the west coast of Aceh Province. This megathrust caused the great tsunamigenic earthquake of 2004 and can be a possible candidate for rupture in the future and will affect or destroy everything, especially buildings along the coast. The west coast of Aceh Besar is one of the worst areas hit by tsunami waves and can cause tsunamis in the future. The objectives of this study are to determine the height, distance, and area of the tsunami inundation on the west coast of Aceh Besar District based on three earthquake magnitudes scenarios Mw 8.0, 8.5, and 9.2. The COMCOT (Cornell Multigrid Coupled Tsunami Model) tsunami model was used to obtain the height, area, and distance of the tsunami inundation. It was found that the largest tsunami inundation was caused by the tsunami generated by the magnitude Mw 9.2 earthquake. The maximum tsunami run up reached up to 20 meters with an inundation distance of 6 km from the coastline and a tsunami inundation area of 40 km2 distributed along the west coast of Aceh Besar District.

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Section: Initial Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating characteristics of tsunami hazards for west coast of Aceh Besar district, Indonesia

et al. 2022

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“…Indonesia merupakan negara yang terletak di sebuk gempa dan sering dilanda becana alam yang menimbulkan banyak korban jiwa (Musa et al, 2014). Pada lepas pantai barat Pulau Sumatera terdapat suatu zona subduksi dan juga tempat bertemunya dua lempeng tektonik yaitu lempeng Indo-Australia dan Lempeng Eurasia (Jihad et al, 2020). Pertemuan lempang Indo-Australia yang menujam ke bawah lempeng Eurasia dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gempa besar yang menimbulkan gelombang tsunami (Mustafa, 2010).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Kajian Tingkat Kerentanan dan Ketahanan Masyarakat di Kawasan Permukiman Pesisir Kota Pariaman Terhadap Bencana

Syam

Haryanto

2022

TPWK

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Pariaman City is one of the cities in the western part of Sumatra Island which is prone to disasters because there are two tectonic plates meeting, namely the Indo-Australian and Eurasian at the bottom of the Indian Ocean. So that in the event of a disaster the area most at risk of being affected is the coastal residential area of Pariaman City which includes fourteen villages. This study aims to assess the level of vulnerability and resilience of coastal communities in Pariaman City to disasters. The method used in determining the level of vulnerability is the overlay method on indicators of physical, social and economic vulnerability. The results of study showed a high level of vulnerability to disasters includes Karan Aur, Pasir, Lohong and Naras 1, the medium vulnerability level includes Marunggi, Ampalu, Manggung, Pasir Sunur, Naras Hilir, and Taluk, and the low vulnerability level includes Pauh Barat Village, Balai Naras, Apar, Padang Birik-Birik). The method used in determining community resilience is CCR (Coastal Community Resilience). The results showed that three of the eight elements of resilience is below standard, such us society and economic (Manggung), land use and structural design (Lohong, Manggung, and Balai Naras), warning and evacuation (Kelurahan Pasir , West Pauh Village, Amaplu Village and Marunggi Village). It can be concluded that the coastal communities of Pariaman City have a high tendency of vulnerability to disasters but also have a high tendency of resilience in dealing with these disasters. So to reduce the risk, it is necessary to regulate land use and recommendations to increase the element of resilience according to standards.

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“…Research on sediment transport, coastal erosion, and shoreline changes due to the tsunami has also been carried out by several previous researchers (NOAA; Paris et al 2009;Gusman et al 2012;Li et al 2012;Ontowirjo et al 2013;Satake et al 2013;Siregar Novita 2016;Rasyif et al 2016;Syamsidik et al 2019). Jihad (2020) (Jihad et al 2020) stated that the zone of the west coast of Sumatra (a province of Indonesia), which includes the present study area, has a high risk of a tsunami occurring, and this is where all the components of the tsunami action plan should be implemented (Jihad et al 2020). Recent research on the west coast of Aceh Besar is focused on the characteristics of the tsunami threat (Ibrahim et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing tsunami vertical evacuation processes based on Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment for West Coast of Aceh Besar, Indonesia

Ibrahim

Syamsidik

Azmeri

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Tsunamis are rare events compared to other disasters but have devastating consequences. In the last 100 years, more than 24 tsunamis and more than 235,000 fatalities have occurred globally. Indonesia has a high risk of a tsunami disaster. Since the devastating 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, much research and preparatory work have been done to reduce the impact of future tsunamis in Indonesia, including in the province of Aceh, especially along the western coast where West Aceh is located. This coastal area was destroyed by a tsunami as high as 15-30 metres, resulting in the loss of life, housing, tourist areas, industrial areas, and other public facilities. Given that tsunami disasters are rare and sometimes occur long in advance, human memory and awareness are reduced, making research on the level of tsunami awareness of disasters a challenging task. Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA) is a method that has been developed to predict tsunami hazards with a return period of hundreds to thousands of years, beyond the limited availability of historical data. The PTHA method can provide important information that supports tsunami risk management measures. This study aims to estimate recurrence period-based tsunami risk on the west coast of the district of Aceh Besar using the PTHA method. In this study, the source of the tsunami is caused by fault activity at sea. Seven tsunami scenarios based on fault parameters (earthquakes of magnitudes Mw 8.0 to 9.2 with interval 0,2) with the fault location focusing on the Aceh-Andaman Mega Thrust Segment, as applied in this study. This segment was a similar source to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami that created a rupture area along a distance of 1,155 km, with six parts of the fault. The maximum inundation distance reached 6 km for the flat area, with a flow depth of 13 metres. The site has a cliff that is close to the shoreline, with an inundation distance shorter than the distance across the flat area. With an arrival time of less than 25 minutes, it is recommended to have an evacuation building and evacuation road in a wide inundated area, and an arrangement of hills close to the beach as an evacuation area, in order to reduce the number of casualties. For 100 years return period or exceedance probability rate 0.01, the average flow depth on the coast may exceed 5 metres, and the maximum flow depth for a 1000-year return period or annual probability of 0.001 is 12 metres. With the potential tsunami in the future, continuous tsunami drills and tsunami education are needed so that people can maintain an awareness of the threat posed by tsunamis.

show abstract

Coastal and settlement typologies-based tsunami modeling along the northern Sumatra seismic gap zone for disaster risk reduction action plans

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Investigating characteristics of tsunami hazards for west coast of Aceh Besar district, Indonesia

Investigating characteristics of tsunami hazards for west coast of Aceh Besar district, Indonesia

Kajian Tingkat Kerentanan dan Ketahanan Masyarakat di Kawasan Permukiman Pesisir Kota Pariaman Terhadap Bencana

Assessing tsunami vertical evacuation processes based on Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment for West Coast of Aceh Besar, Indonesia

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