Cobalt (II) removal from aqueous solutions by natural hemp fibers: Batch and fixed-bed column studies

Low-cost hemp biomaterials for nickel ions removal from aqueous solutions

“…existing in effluents [20,21]. Recently, special interest has been observed for the use of hemp-based materials for the removal of different pollutants [22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Preparation and evaluation of a mesoporous calcium-silicate material (MCSM) from coal fly ash for removal of Co(II) from wastewater

“…2b). This adsorption capacity was 1.46-2.32 times that of Amberlite ion exchange resins such as IRN77, SKN1 and IR120 [2,32], and was 1.37-1.94 times of that of various low-cost sorbents including biomass, clay minerals and industrial wastes as reported previously [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…Hence, the use of various low-cost sorbents for removing cobalt is a subject of considerable interest in today's society. Such materials include hemp fibers, sunflower biomass, almond green hulls, mangosteen shells, zeolites, Al-pillared clay, sepiolite, industrial wastes, etc [9][10][11][12][13][14]. It should be noted that the sorption capacity of these low-cost sorbents for cobalt species are rather low (<80 mg g À1 ) and the overall process is strongly dependent on the pH of the solution.…”

On the Choice of Batch or Fixed Bed Adsorption Processes for Wastewater Treatment

“…54,55,57,60,64,65,68,70,73,75,78 The equations (7) may be used to explain these mixed results, and can serve as figures of merit to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the best adsorption method (i.e. fixed bed or batch) to reduce the bulk concentration of a known contaminated effluent to a targeted value.…”