Cocaine Increases Sensorimotor Gating and is Related to Psychopathy

Echeverria, Iván; Benito, Ana; Fuertes-Saiz, Alejandro; Graña, María Luisa; Aleixandre, Isabel; Haro, Gonzalo

doi:10.1080/15504263.2021.1962205

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…With regard to the results from studies with substance use disorders patients, almost none of the studies found differences between patients and controls in the startle response (72.2%), except for one study that found a lower magnitude among patients using cocaine [ 134 ], and two studies that did not report data on this measure [ 142 , 144 ]. Regarding PPI in patients using cannabis, all reviewed studies observed lower prepulse inhibition than subjects in the control group [ 137 – 139 , 141 , 142 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding PPI in patients using cannabis, all reviewed studies observed lower prepulse inhibition than subjects in the control group [ 137 – 139 , 141 , 142 ]. Conversely, in studies evaluating patients using cocaine, a generally higher PPI was found among patients compared to controls [ 134 , 140 , 143 , 144 ]. Similarly, one of the reviewed studies analyzing ecstasy found the same trend [ 135 ] while another did not find any differences [ 136 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most studies evaluate patients during abstinence, where a deficit in DA production has been observed due to tolerance, leading to a decrease in startle response and an increase in PPI among these patients [ 159 , 160 ]. This increased PPI would lead to enhanced pre-attentional automatic processes that result in greater sensitivity to rewards, further focusing on the pleasurable stimuli associated with the drug [ 144 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prepulse inhibition deficit as a transdiagnostic process in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review

Santos-Carrasco,

De la Casa

2023

BMC Psychol

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Background Psychopathological research is moving from a specific approach towards transdiagnosis through the analysis of processes that appear transversally to multiple pathologies. A phenomenon disrupted in several disorders is prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response, in which startle to an intense sensory stimulus, or pulse, is reduced if a weak stimulus, or prepulse, is previously presented. Objective and methods The present systematic review analyzed the role of PPI deficit as a possible transdiagnostic process for four main groups of neuropsychiatric disorders: (1) trauma-, stress-, and anxiety-related disorders (2) mood-related disorders, (3) neurocognitive disorders, and (4) other disorders such as obsessive-compulsive, tic-related, and substance use disorders. We used Web of Science, PubMed and PsycInfo databases to search for experimental case-control articles that were analyzed both qualitatively and based on their potential risk of bias. A total of 64 studies were included in this systematic review. Protocol was submitted prospectively to PROSPERO 04/30/2022 (CRD42022322031). Results and conclusion The results showed a general PPI deficit in the diagnostic groups mentioned, with associated deficits in the dopaminergic neurotransmission system, several areas implied such as the medial prefrontal cortex or the amygdala, and related variables such as cognitive deficits and anxiety symptoms. It can be concluded that the PPI deficit appears across most of the neuropsychiatric disorders examined, and it could be considered as a relevant measure in translational research for the early detection of such disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prepulse inhibition deficit as a transdiagnostic process in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review

Santos-Carrasco,

De la Casa

2023

BMC Psychol

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“…Finally, sociodemographic data about the participants were also collected using the Addictive Disorders Network tool [ 42 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health in First- and Second-Division Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study

Bonet,

Benito,

Usó

et al. 2024

Sports

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Background: The benefits of sport in mental health have been broadly studied. However, few studies have examined these outcomes in high-performance athletes. We aimed to analyze the state of the mental health of the Villarreal Soccer Club’s first- (FD) and second-division (SD) players and the possible mediating effects of sex and professional category. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with an initial sample of 108 soccer players (final sample n = 54). Data from MINI, HARS, HDRS, BARRAT-11 and SCSRQ questionnaires were analyzed. Results: The mean age was 23.41 years (SD = 4.56) and 61.1% (n = 33) were men. A proportion of 24.1% (n = 13) stated that they had undergone mental health treatment, 7.4% (n = 4) had taken psychotropic drugs, and 2.1% (n = 1) had made a suicide attempt. Differences were observed between the FD and SD players in terms of the sensitivity to punishment (t = −2.2; p = 0.033), overall impulsivity (t = −3.1; p = 0.003), unplanned impulsivity (t = 3.4; p = 0.001), and the HDRS (U = −110.5; p = 0.004), HARS-Total (U = −104.0; p = 0.006) and HARS-Psychological subscale scores (U = −104.0; p = 0.001). Differences were also observed between the female and male SD players for the HARS-Somatic subscale (U = 136.5; p = 0.028). Conclusion: The low values obtained in the clinical scales, together with the reported psychopathological histories, suggested that the Villareal players showed better mental health than the general population.

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Cocaine Increases Sensorimotor Gating and is Related to Psychopathy

Cited by 2 publications

References 28 publications

Prepulse inhibition deficit as a transdiagnostic process in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review

Prepulse inhibition deficit as a transdiagnostic process in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review

Mental Health in First- and Second-Division Soccer Players: A Cross-Sectional Study

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