CoenzymeQ10 and Ischemic Preconditioning Potentially Prevent Tourniquet-Induced Ischemia/Reperfusion in Knee Arthroplasty, but Combined Pretreatment Possibly Neutralizes Their Beneficial Effects

Abstract

Tourniquet (TQ) use during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) induces ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. This study aims to determine the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and ischemic preconditioning (IPC), either alone or in combination, on I/R-induced mitochondrial respiration alteration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and pain following TKA. Forty-four patients were allocated into four groups: control, CoQ10, IPC, and CoQ10 + IPC. CoQ10 dose was 300 mg/day for 28 days. IPC protocol was three cycles of 5/5-min I/R time. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) of PBMCs were measured seven times, at baseline and during ischemic/reperfusion phases, with XFe 96 extracellular flux analyzer. Postoperative pain was assessed for 48 h. CoQ10 improved baseline mitochondrial uncoupling state; however, changes in OCRs during the early phase of I/R were not significantly different from the placebo. Compared to ischemic data, IPC transiently increased basal OCR and ATP production at 2 h after reperfusion. Clinically, CoQ10 significantly decreased pain scores and morphine requirements at 24 h. CoQ10 + IPC abolished analgesic effect of CoQ10 and mitochondrial protection of IPC. In TKA with TQ, IPC enhanced mitochondrial function by a transient increase in basal and ATP-linked respiration, and CoQ10 provides postoperative analgesic effect. Surprisingly, CoQ10 + IPC interferes with beneficial effects of each intervention.

DNase I and Sivelestat Ameliorate Experimental Hindlimb Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Eliminating Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

“…First, it was not investigated whether administration of DNase I or sivelestat before the onset of ischemia-reperfusion injury had an effect on rat skeletal muscle injury and exercise capacity, There are some studies that have shown that treatment with drugs prior to injury can reduce injury. 31 , 46 Second, the effect of other methods of administration, such as intraperitoneal injection, 47 on the therapeutic effect was not investigated. Finally, the possibility and efficacy of combined administration of DNase I and sivelestat were not discussed.…”

Possible Approaches to Studying the Influence of Magnetic Fields and Mechanical Effects on the Physicochemical Properties of Aqueous IgG Colloids

“…Various combinations of effects are known, for example, when a chemical effect is manifested by a physical one or vice versa. The preconditioning effect is known at the level of the organism [88,89], physiology [90,91], tissues [8,92], cells [93], and biological residues, liquids, aqueous colloids, and solutions [94,95], and, as shown in this study, in water.…”

Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with the severity of liver fibrosis in patients after the Fontan operation

“…After centrifugation, the PBMC ring at the Ficoll/plasma interface was collected and washed twice with PBS solution. The pallet was submitted for cell counting using a haemocytometer technique following the final centrifugation at 1000 g for 10 min 14 …”

“…The EDTA‐coated tube was used to collect blood, and a Ficoll density gradient centrifugation was used to separate the PBMCs 14 . Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells were used to measure cell death and mitochondrial function including mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial mass.…”

“…The EDTA‐coated tube was used to collect blood, and a Ficoll density gradient centrifugation was used to separate the PBMCs. 14 Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells were used to measure cell death and mitochondrial function including mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial mass. The complete blood sample was centrifuged at 1000 g for 10 min in order to perform the Ficoll density gradient procedure, and the plasma was discarded.…”