Cognitive Functioning and Employment in Severe Mental Illness

Abstract

This study compared cognitive functioning and symptomatology of unemployed, supported employed, and independently employed clients with severe mental illness. Unemployed clients who wanted to work (N = 21) were compared with clients working in supported employment programs (N = 17) and clients who had been working independently for at least 1 year (N = 23) on a neuropsychological battery and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Clients who were unemployed had more severe symptoms and worse cognitive functioning on both positive and negative symptoms, and almost all domains of cognitive functioning. Supported employed clients had more severe psychotic symptoms and worse working memory than independently employed clients, but did not differ in negative symptoms or the other domains of cognitive functioning, including attention/concentration, psychomotor speed, verbal learning and memory, or executive functions. Finally, job complexity was correlated with impaired executive functions among clients working independently, but not in supported employment. Severe symptoms and cognitive impairment may interfere with the ability of some clients with severe mental illness to obtain competitive work. Supported employment programs appear to work by helping clients compensate for problematic symptoms and cognitive impairment and, to a lesser extent, by finding or developing environmental niches in which these impairments do not impede their ability to perform the necessary job tasks.

Relaciones entre neurocognición, procesamiento emocional y funcionamiento social en la esquizofrenia

“…Este resultado ven en la misma línea que el presentado en el trabajo de Green et al (2000), en el que se estima que la neurocognición explica entre un 20% y un 60 % de la varianza en el rendimiento del funcionamiento social y con la numerosa evidencia que correlaciona los rendimientos en tareas neurocognitivas y en funcionamiento social (Addington, Mc Cleary y Munroe-Blum, 1998;Addington y Addington, 1999;Addington y Addington, 2000;Bellack, Gold y Buchanan, 1999;Green et al, 2000;McGurk y Mueser, 2003;Milev, Ho, Arndt y Andreasen, 2005).…”

Employees with mental illness – Possibilities and barriers in professional activity

“…Stwierdzono, że deficyty poznawcze związane są z obniżeniem efektywności i jakości pracy, czego następstwem są problemy z utrzymaniem zatrudnienia i bezrobocie [17][18][19].…”

L'insertion au travail de personnes souffrant d'une maladie mentale: Analyse des caractéristiques de la personne

“…D'ailleurs, Resnick et collaborateurs (28) montrent que l'aide financière publique est un prédicteur négatif de l'employabilité. (20). D'autres auteurs soulignent que ce sont avant tout les capacités cognitives de la personne qui représentent le principal déterminant de l'exercice d'un travail (32)(33)(34)(35).…”

“…un emploi (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19); Corbière et Goldner, étude en cours), le pourcentage des résultats d'insertion au travail issus de ces services plafonnent en général B un taux de réussite de l'ordre de 40 % B 60 % (20). Il en résulte que de nombreux auteurs s'interrogent quant aux caractéristiques individuelles qui pourraient intervenir dans le processus d'insertion au travail de personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux graves (21,22).…”