Cognitive networks

Abstract

This paper presents a definition and framework for a novel type of adaptive data network: the cognitive network. In a cognitive network, the collection of elements that make up the network observes network conditions and then, using prior knowledge gained from previous interactions with the network, plans, decides and acts on this information. Cognitive networks are different from other "intelligent" communication technologies because these actions are taken with respect to the end-to-end goals of a data flow. In addition to the cognitive aspects of the network, a specification language is needed to translate the user's end-to-end goals into a form understandable by the cognitive process. The cognitive network also depends on a Software Adaptable Network that has both an external interface accessible to the cognitive network and network status sensors. These devices are used to provide control and feedback. The paper concludes by presenting a simple case study to illustrate a cognitive network and its framework.

Link State Protocol Data Mining for Shared Risk Link Group Detection

“…Each of the structure under the same pass keeps a counter (η pass(k) ) that is incremented after every occurrence of such relationship. Every relationship is also associated with a transition probability value that is updated upon completion of each iteration of the learning algorithm according to Equation (1). This concludes the learning phase of our algorithm.…”

“…and the second tier states (B, D), etc.). Therefore, the associated probability values for each of the transitions are modified according to Equation (1). Note that transitions are directed in the upward direction only.…”

“…In such networks, nodes are supposed to learn additional insight from the existing behavior and implement it without any external intervention to improve the network resilience and performance [1][2][3]. Cognitive networks generally use various machine learning technique to enable the routers to learn online about new network behavior under variable traffic patterns and topological events.…”

Symbiotic Networks: Towards a New Level of Cooperation Between Wireless Networks

“…This allows the node to communicate efficiently without interfering with licensed users [3,17,31]. This alteration of parameters is based on the active monitoring of several factors in the external and internal radio environment, such as radio frequency spectrum, user behavior and network state.…”

ESCAPE: A Channel Evacuation Protocol for Spectrum-Agile Networks

“…It has attracted a lot of research interests (e.g., [9], [8], [2], [6], [3]). Research efforts include spectrum pooling (e.g., [16], [11]), game-theoretic analysis (e.g., [12], [15], [7]), channel sensing and detection (e.g., [14], [13]), dynamic spectrum sharing (e.g., [10], [4]), etc. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to design an in-band signaling protocol for channel evacuation.…”