Cognitive outcomes of TMS treatment in bipolar depression: Safety data from a randomized controlled trial

Clinical applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation in bipolar disorder

“…A study that incorporated a large BD sample (n = 146) found that "cognitive-affective" (e.g., emotional or cognitive) as opposed to somatic (e.g., bodily related) symptoms of depression predicted a superior response to rTMS with loss of interest being the most significant cognitive-affective symptom influencing treatment response (Rostami, Kazemi, Nitsche, Gholipour, & Salehinejad, 2017 (Kazemi et al, 2018;Myczkowski et al, 2018), executive functioning (Kazemi et al, 2018), working memory (Myczkowski et al, 2018), attention and processing speed (Myczkowski et al, 2018), and inhibitory control (Myczkowski et al, 2018). A study that incorporated a large BD sample (n = 146) found that "cognitive-affective" (e.g., emotional or cognitive) as opposed to somatic (e.g., bodily related) symptoms of depression predicted a superior response to rTMS with loss of interest being the most significant cognitive-affective symptom influencing treatment response (Rostami, Kazemi, Nitsche, Gholipour, & Salehinejad, 2017 (Kazemi et al, 2018;Myczkowski et al, 2018), executive functioning (Kazemi et al, 2018), working memory (Myczkowski et al, 2018), attention and processing speed (Myczkowski et al, 2018), and inhibitory control (Myczkowski et al, 2018).…”

“…Recently, studies have suggested the potential benefit of TMS (Kazemi et al, 2018;Myczkowski et al, 2018), executive functioning (Kazemi et al, 2018), working memory (Myczkowski et al, 2018), attention and processing speed (Myczkowski et al, 2018), and inhibitory control (Myczkowski et al, 2018). Notably, these few studies incorporated varied TMS protocols (bilateral vs. unilateral) and types of TMS treatment (deep TMS vs. standard rTMS), so it…”

Efeito cognitivo da estimulação magnética transcraniana profunda no tratamento de pacientes com dor neuropática central: um ensaio clínico aleatorizado, duplamente encoberto, controlado por placebo

“…While several studies have reported on the safety of sTMS in psychiatric and neurologic patients [8,[45][46][47], few have included more than 25 patients per arm [8,[48][49][50], and the vast majority of them evaluated the effects of sTMS targeted to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [45,46,[57][58][59]47,49,[51][52][53][54][55][56]] since this is a common superficial target aimed at in major depression treatment trials. Deeper brain areas, particularly cortices located deeply within the brain parenchyma have seldom been assessed [28].…”

“…Here again, dTMS has shown to have low risk of seizures given traditional safety guidelines are followed concerning frequency and intensity of stimulation [4,19]. However, most current dTMS studies were either single-session studies or studies with short-lasting stimulation periods (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) sessions, usually lasting less than 1-2 weeks) [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. We have recently published the longest d-TMS study available to date, where 98 patients with central neuropathic pain due to stroke or spinal cord injury were stimulated for a total of 16 sessions spanning over a submitted).…”

Segurança cognitiva no tratamento da depressão bipolar com estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua: um ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo-cego, placebo-controlado

“…onde zn é o valor padronizado da observação n, xn é o valor original da observação n, e e σn são a média e o desvio padrão da variável X. A estratégia de usar variáveis compostas tem sido usada em estudos de neuromodulação (Schulze et al, 2016;Myczkowski et al, 2018 ) Uma análise de medidas repetidas usando o PROC MIXED foi conduzida considerando observações repetidas ao longo do tempo, considerando os fatores "Grupos", "Tempo" e "Grupos" vs. "Tempo", e significativo quando P <0,05.…”