Cognitive profiles in older males and females

Jockwitz, Christiane; Lisa, Wiersch,; Stumme, Johanna; Caspers, Svenja

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-84134-8

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 63 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Sex differences have been described in previous research ( Tamayo et al, 2012 ; Kestens et al, 2021 ), with authors encouraging to use sex-stratified analysis when cognitive decline is evaluated ( Jockwitz et al, 2021 ); however, others have not found significant difference between males and females in cognitive tasks ( Kessels et al, 2008 ) which is in accordance with the Gender Similarities Hypothesis (e.g., males and females are quite similar on most psychological variables; Hyde, 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

The effect of risk factors on cognition in adult cochlear implant candidates with severe to profound hearing loss

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hearing loss has been identified as a major modifiable risk factors for dementia. Adult candidates for cochlear implantation (CI) represent a population at risk of hearing loss-associated cognitive decline. This study investigated the effect of demographics, habits, and medical and psychological risk factors on cognition within such a cohort. Data from 34 consecutive adults with post-lingual deafness scheduled for CI were analyzed. Pure tone audiometry (PTA4) and Speech Discrimination Score (SDS) were recorded. The Repeatable Battery for Assessment of Neuropsychological Status for Hearing impaired individuals (RBANS-H) was used to measure cognition. Demographics (sex, age, years of education), habits (smoking, alcohol intake, physical inactivity), and medical factors (hypertension, diabetes, traumatic brain injury) were evaluated. Depression was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and social inhibition with the Type D questionnaire (DS14). All participants (mean age 62 ± 15 years) suffered from severe to profound hearing loss (PTA4:129 ± 60 dB; SDS:14 ± 24%). The mean RBANS-H total score was 83 ± 16. Participants reported a mean of years of formal education of 12 ± 5 years. The prevalence of habits and medical risk factors was: physical inactivity (29%), body mass index >30 (28%), traumatic brain injury (25%), hypertension (24%), heavy alcohol consumption (13%), smoking (13%), and diabetes (0%). Regarding psychological factors, the mean scores of social inhibition and depression were 10 ± 6 and 6 ± 5, respectively. The number of years of education was significantly correlated with the RBANS-H total score (p < 0.001), and with the domains “Immediate memory” (p = 0.003), “Visuospatial/constructional” (p < 0.001), and “Attention” (p < 0.001). The mean RBANS-H total score in participants who had university studies or higher level (12/34) was 97 ± 9, with the remaining participants reporting a mean score of 75 ± 15. Men performed better in the “Visuospatial/constructional” (p = 0.008). Physical inactivity was associated with lower scores in the “Delayed memory” (p = 0.031); hypertension correlated with lower RBANS-H total scores (p = 0.025) and “Attention” (p = 0.006). Depression and social inhibition were negatively correlated with RBANS-H total score and with the “Immediate memory,” “Visuospatial/constructional,” and “Attention” (all p < 0.05). In adults with late-onset deafness scheduled to CI, educational level has a significant effect. Additionally, sex, physical inactivity, hypertension, and psychological traits of social inhibition and depression may also influence cognitive status. Long-term studies with more participants would enable us better understand the effects different risk factors on cognitive status.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

The effect of risk factors on cognition in adult cochlear implant candidates with severe to profound hearing loss

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, studies on the effects of sex/age in perceptual thinking, decision-making, or behavioral changes generate stereotypes that can stigmatize women/men at different levels. While some of these studies did not find differences in everyday performed activities ( Hirnstein et al, 2019 ), others found that women/men adopt different strategies to process cognitive tasks ( Jockwitz et al, 2021 ). Indeed, during the aging process, women and men display notorious differences regarding susceptibility to some pathologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physiological changes with age have been more attractive since the life expectance of the population increased ( López-Otín et al, 2013 ; Jockwitz et al, 2021 ). Due to the growth of the older human population, recent investigations allocate their observations to determine the cognitive status of older people, correlating how they use the information to resolve a task ( Jockwitz et al, 2021 ). However, numerous considerations should be included, i.e., previous experience and brain status during acquisition or retrieval.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like degus, humans, in some degree of social deprivation, manifest the risk of psychopathy, which can affect individuals differently depending on age and sex ( Dekker et al, 2007 ; Zahn-Waxler et al, 2008 ). This is in terms of pathological conditions, but gender differences have also been reported on normal conditions and in performing regular activities ( Hirnstein et al, 2019 ; Jockwitz et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential Role of Sex and Age in the Synaptic Transmission of Degus (Octodon degus)

Oliva

Rivera

Mariqueo

et al. 2022

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Octodon degus are a diurnal long-lived social animal widely used to perform longitudinal studies and complex cognitive tasks to test for physiological conditions with similitude in human behavior. They show a complex social organization feasible to be studied under different conditions and ages. Several aspects in degus physiology demonstrated that these animals are susceptible to environmental conditions, such as stress, fear, feeding quality, and isolation. However, the relevance of these factors in life of this animal depends on sex and age. Despite its significance, there are few studies with the intent to characterize neurological parameters that include these two parameters. To determine the basal neurophysiological status, we analyzed basic electrophysiological parameters generated during basal activity or synaptic plasticity in the brain slices of young and aged female and male degus. We studied the hippocampal circuit of animals kept in social ambient in captivity under controlled conditions. The study of basal synaptic activity in young animals (12–24 months old) was similar between sexes, but female degus showed more efficient synaptic transmission than male degus. We found the opposite in aged animals (60–84 months old), where male degus had a more efficient basal transmission and facilitation index than female degus. Furthermore, female and male degus develop significant but not different long-term synaptic plasticity (LTP). However, aged female degus need to recruit twice as many axons to evoke the same postsynaptic activity as male degus and four times more when compared to young female degus. These data suggest that, unlike male degus, the neural status of aged female degus change, showing less number or functional axons available at advanced ages. Our data represent the first approach to incorporate the effect of sex along with age progression in basal neural status.

show abstract

“…The FiPaT is not affected by the sex variable, probably because the cognitive component weighs more than the motor one. Accordingly, previous literature does not report sex differences for executive and attentional functions [ 15 , 16 ]. Furthermore, the number of errors correlates with age and not with education and this is in line with the natural course of brain skills [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fist-Palm Test (FiPaT): a bedside motor tool to screen for global cognitive status

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective The Fist-Palm Test (FiPaT) is a novel non-verbal task to be used at the patient’s bedside for a cognitive functions screening. The aims of this study are to analyze (I) the qualitative and quantitative performance features at FiPaT, (II) the psychometric characteristics of FiPaT, and (III) the correlation between FiPat and traditional cognitive assessments in subjects with normal cognition (NC), Mild Cognitive Impairment-single domain (MCI-sd), and Mild Cognitive Impairment-multiple domain (MCI-md). Methods One hundred-thirteen subjects (53M/60F), with a mean age of 66.28 ± 7.22 years and 11.08 ± 4.93 years of education, were recruited and underwent a complete neuropsychological battery and FiPaT. Results We found 68 subjects with NC, 31 with MCI-sd, and 14 with MCI-md and a high reliability of the FiPaT (alpha =0.762). The number of FiPaT errors correlated with age and all neuropsychological tests, except for the memory recall test. Subjects with MCI had greater FiPaT errors than subjects with NC. The FiPaT, used with the MOCA test, predicted the presence of MCI, with a variance of 44%. Conclusion The FiPaT is an acceptable and reliable non-verbal test, able to screen for global cognitive status, attention, and executive functions, and to predict the MCI. Future studies will validate this initial findings as well as the discriminatory role of the FiPaT in detecting specific types of cognitive impairment.

show abstract

Cognitive profiles in older males and females

Cited by 18 publications

References 63 publications

The effect of risk factors on cognition in adult cochlear implant candidates with severe to profound hearing loss

The effect of risk factors on cognition in adult cochlear implant candidates with severe to profound hearing loss

Differential Role of Sex and Age in the Synaptic Transmission of Degus (Octodon degus)

Fist-Palm Test (FiPaT): a bedside motor tool to screen for global cognitive status

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About