Coherent Expanded-Aerogels

Surface areas of cottons and modified cottons before and after swelling as determined by nitrogen sorption

“…K is tler [8] fail ed to find evide~ce of collapse. when rapid dehydration was used 111 the preparatlOn of aerogel from cellophane.…”

Preparation of CaCO3 and CaO Replicas Retaining the Hierarchical Structure of SpruceWood

“…For similar purposes, nano-and mesoporous materials are utilized as well. Some well documented examples include mesoporous silica (e. g. MCM-41), prepared with quaternary ammonium surfactants ("quats") as templating agents [2,3], or nanoporous silica aerogels which are fabricated via sol-gel processess utilizing alkoxysilane precursors [4,5]. Among those materials, aerogels stand out because of their unsurpassed heat insulating properties which derive from their nanoporosity and the Knudsen effect [6].…”

Affordable Window Insulation with R-10/inch Rating

“…Silica aerogels, first discovered in 1931 by Kistler,3,4 are prepared via sol-gel processing 5 by gelling soluble silica precursors and then replacing the entrained solvent with air. Aerogels are among the first recognized "nanoengineered materials" because their pore structures and solid features are extremely small (Figure 1).…”

“…The effect of the different aging solutions on the strength, modulus, and strain are provided in Figure 18. In Figure 18, samples aged in both NH 4 OH and Hydrophobic Agent solution at 50°C for 3 days showed the best flexural strain at breaking as well as the highest breaking strength without a significant increase in modulus (i.e., brittleness). …”

“…Transparent gels ([SiO 2 ]/[PDMS] = 0.8 -0.9) were fabricated using a mixture of 20% THF and 80% ethanol. The gels were synthesized using two different approaches and catalysts: HBF 4 and HF.…”