Coincidence of Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome and testicular tumors in dogs

Abstract

BackgroundPersistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS), a rare form of male pseudohermaphroditism in dogs, is an abnormal sexual phenotype in males that is characterized by the existence of a hypoplastic oviduct, uterus, and cranial part of the vagina. Dogs suffering from PMDS are often accompanied by cryptorchidism. To date, it has been mainly found in the Miniature Schnauzer breed.Case presentationIn this report, two cases of PMDS with a malignant testicular tumor originating from cryptorchidism in breeds other than the Miniature Schnauzer breed are described. The patients were a seven-year-old male Maltese dog and a 17-year-old male mixed-breed dog weighing 3.8 kg. They also exhibited an enlarged prostate with or without abscess and an elevated serum estradiol level and were surgically treated to remove the testicular tumor and Müllerian duct derivatives.ConclusionsIt is recommended that PMDS should be differentially diagnosed by ultrasonography and that orchiectomy be performed at an early age in patients suspected to have cryptorchidism to prevent the ectopic testes from becoming tumorous.

Canine cryptorchidism: An update

“…As reviewed previously (Romagnoli, 1991), cryptorchid dogs have a greater risk for testicular neoplasia (especially Sertoli cell tumour and seminoma) and torsion. The association of cryptorchidism with these testicular disorders has been further confirmed in more recent case reports (Bosschere & Deprest, 2010;Bufalari, Proni, Moretti, Di, & A., & Pirico, S., 2015;Hecht, King, Tidwell, & Gorman, 2004;Hong, Lee, Han, & Kim, 2011;Kang et al, 2011;Mostachio et al, 2007;Park et al, 2017;Quartuccio, Marino, Garufi, Cristarella, & Zanghì, 2012;Saegusa et al, 2011;Stokowski, Ruth, Lanz, & Ziglioli, 2016;Withers, Lawson, Burton, Rebhun, & Steffey, 2016) and a retrospective study on canine testicular tumours (Liao, Chu, Yeh, Lin, & Liu, 2009) Spermatic cord torsion was reported in the left neoplastic testis of an 11-year-old bilateral cryptorchid Poodle with left hindlimb lameness as the presenting complaint (Bufalari et al, 2015). It was reported that the lameness resolved completely within 2 days of bilateral cryptorchidectomy.…”

“…As reviewed previously (Romagnoli, ), cryptorchid dogs have a greater risk for testicular neoplasia (especially Sertoli cell tumour and seminoma) and torsion. The association of cryptorchidism with these testicular disorders has been further confirmed in more recent case reports (Bosschere & Deprest, ; Bufalari, Proni, Moretti, Di, & A., & Pirico, S., ; Hecht, King, Tidwell, & Gorman, ; Hong, Lee, Han, & Kim, ; Kang et al, ; Mostachio et al, ; Park et al, ; Quartuccio, Marino, Garufi, Cristarella, & Zanghì, ; Saegusa et al, ; Stokowski, Ruth, Lanz, & Ziglioli, ; Withers, Lawson, Burton, Rebhun, & Steffey, ) and a retrospective study on canine testicular tumours (Liao, Chu, Yeh, Lin, & Liu, ). The retrospective study involved a total of 476 male canine tumours, of which 96 were testicular tumours [33 seminomas ( SEM ), 25 interstitial cell tumours (ICT), 22 were mixed germ cell‐sex cord stromal cell tumours (MGCSCT), and 16 were Sertoli cell tumours (SCT)].…”

“…Cryptorchidism has also been shown to be associated with other defects including umbilical and inguinal hernia, hip dysplasia, patellar luxation and defects of the penis and prepuce (reviewed in Romagnoli, 1991). Recent reports of defects associated with cryptorchidism include persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) in a 10-year-old Miniature Schnauzer (Matsuu et al, 2009), a 5-year-old Miniature Schnauzer (Vegter et al, 2010), a 7-year-old Miniature Schnauzer (Breshears & Peters, 2011), a 7-year-old Maltese and a 17-year-old mixed breed dog (Park et al, 2017).…”

A Case of Adenocarcinoma of Uterus Masculinus in a Pomeranian Dog

“…In the veterinary medicine literature, a primary tumor of the uterus masculinus has never been reported (1,7,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Pathology in Practice

“…12 Common sequelae to cryptorchidism in all species is infertility 18 and neoplasia. 15,16,[19][20][21][22][23] However, neoplasia was not identified in the pigs of the present report because of their relatively young age.…”