Cold Active Amylase Production from Bacillus cereus RGUJS2023

Abstract

IntroductionAmylases are extracellular enzymes (endo-1,4-Dglucanohydrolases, E.C. 3.2.1.1) that hydrolyze starch polymer to glucose. 1 World-wide, amylases account for 30% of the market for industrial enzymes. 2 Amylases has been shown to have a wide range of importance in industry. 3 Cold-active amylases are suitable for a range of industrial processes, including detergents for cold washing, leather softening, bioremediation, biofuel production, textiles, alcohol production, paper industry, the food industry, pharmaceuticals, and molecular biology applications. 4,5 From ancient times to present, amylase has been discovered in animal, plant, and microbial sources; however, microbial sources are more preferred for commercial usage. 6 The primary benefits of using microorganisms in the synthesis of amylase include their ability to perform a variety of modifications to produce enzymes with desired properties quickly. 7 In particular, bacterial amylases from Bacillus spp. are sought-after industrial organisms because of their ability to produce the extracellular enzymes and have rapid growth rates that result in fast fermentation times, which are crucial for the starch processing industries. 8 Bacillus species make up the vast majority of the bacteria that create cold-active amylases. 9 In order to produce cold active amylase for commercial use, Bacillus spp. (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus marisflavi and Bacillus subtilis) 10,11,12 have been widely employed. Several of the species were isolated, characterized, and optimized for amylase synthesis.