Cold Starting and Pumpability Studies in Modern Engines — Results from the ASTM D02.07C Low Temperature Engine Performance Task Force Activities: Engine Selection and Testing Protocol

Abstract

As part of the Low Temperature Engine Performance task forces activities, letters were sent to all major light- and heavy-duty automotive manufactures to solicit input for engine selection. On the basis of these responses, and considering availability, annual production, potential sponsorship and range of pumping characteristics, 9 light duty engines (including 4-, 6- and 8-cylinder designs) were selected for further study. At the same time, protocols for testing the engines under both cold start and pumpability conditions were developed by consensus. Cold start testing called for good winter grade fuel, booster batteries and fresh engine tune-up to maximize starting potential. Pumpability testing was conducted via motoring of the engine to allow testing of the oil at/below the minimum starting temperatures in a repeatable fashion.