Collision Carcinoma Involving Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Ureter: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

BackgroundSmall cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) of the ureter is a rare tumour, accounting for less than 0.5% of all ureteral tumours. SCNEC tumours are highly aggressive and patients have a poor prognosis. Ureteral SCNEC colliding with other pathological types of tumours is extremely rare. In this paper, we present the case of a patient with ureteral small cell carcinoma colliding with squamous cell carcinoma and review the literature regarding the clinicopathological features, treatment and prognosis of thus tumour. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second identified case of ureteral SCNEC colliding with SCC.Case PresentationA 64-year-old male patient presented with a history of 1 month of gross haematuria and 3 months of left flank pain. CT urography revealed a soft tissue mass in the upper ureter, which was slightly enhanced on contrast-enhanced CT. Nephroureterectomy was performed after the patient was diagnosed with a tumour in the left ureter. Microscopy and immunohistochemical examination confirmed the mass to be a SCNEC collision with SCC. Two months after the surgery, the patient received adjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin/etoposide). After 14 months of follow-up, no local recurrence or distant metastasis was found.ConclusionUreteral collision carcinoma with SCNEC predominantly occurs in Asian individuals, is difficult to diagnose preoperatively and is highly invasive. The current management of ureteral collision carcinoma is a comprehensive treatment based on surgery.

Case report: A collision tumor of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and clear cell papillary renal cell tumor

“…Collision tumors are tumors of different tissue origins that coexist in the same tissue or organ without histological fusion ( 3 ). Collision tumors have been reported in different parts of the body, including the skin, thyroid, uterus, brain, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract ( 4 – 6 ). Primary renal collision tumors are rare, and only sporadic cases have been reported in the medical literature.…”

Ureter mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm: a case report and literature review

“…We possess limited treatment experience owing to the rarity of ureteral MiNEN; thus, nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff resection is preferred (4,15). Furthermore, postoperative platinumbased adjuvant chemotherapy for highly malignant SCNECs components significantly improves prognosis compared with surgical resection alone (5,26).…”

Successful surgery with preservation of laryngeal function in a patient with collision primary squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma in the hypopharynx and synchronous esophageal carcinoma: A case report

“…Apart from ACC collision, squamous cell carcinoma, 5 one previous case exhibited a hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and a laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinoma that collided in the aryepiglottic fold, 3 and another reported a hypopharyngeal SCC collision adenocarcinoma (AC) 4 . Diagnosis of collision carcinoma depends on pathological findings of two distinct histological types in the same mass when neither tumor has migrated to the other 19,20 . The etiology of ACC collision SCC remains unclear.…”

“…4 Diagnosis of collision carcinoma depends on pathological findings of two distinct histological types in the same mass when neither tumor has migrated to the other. 19,20 The etiology of ACC collision SCC remains unclear. One possible risk factor may be radiation.…”