Colorimetric detection of cholesterol based on highly efficient peroxidase mimetic activity of graphene quantum dots

Nirala, Narsingh R.; Abraham, Shiju; Kumar, Vinod; Bansal, Anushka; Srivastava, Anchal; Saxena, Preeti S.

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2015.04.091

Cited by 170 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…[35] Theprotocol is reliable enough and has been used for analysis of glucose in actual samples, such as diluted blood and commercial fruit juices. [35] More importantly,t his can be au niversal assay when acetylcholinesterase (AChE), [78] choline oxidase (ChOx), [78] cholesterol oxidase (COx), [56,58,101,171] or d-amino acid oxidase-(DAAO) [133] is used instead of GOx, which can catalyze O 2 to oxidize the corresponding substrate such as the acetylcholine, [78] choline [78] and cholesterol, [56,58,101,171] and d-amino acids to produce H 2 O 2 .…”

Section: Biosensors For Biomolecules That Canproduce H 2 Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanozymes: Enzymatic Properties, Catalytic Mechanism, and Applications

et al. 2018

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Nanozymes have advantages over natural enzymes, such as facile production on large scale, long storage time, low costs, and high stability in harsh environments. Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), including fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon quantum dots, and graphene quantum dots, have become a star family in materials science. As a new class of nanozymes, the catalytic activity of CNMs and their hybrids has been extensively reported. In this Minireview, recent progress of CNMs based artificial enzymes, focusing on those with peroxidase-like activity, has been summarized. The enzymatic properties, catalytic mechanisms, and novel applications of CNM nanozymes in sensing, therapy, and environmental engineering are discussed in detail. Additionally, we also highlight the remaining challenges and unsolved problems. With the fast development of bionanotechnology, the unique enzymatic properties and advantages of CNM nanozymes have received much attention and will continue to be an active and challenging field for the years to come.

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Section: Biosensors For Biomolecules That Canproduce H 2 Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanozymes: Enzymatic Properties, Catalytic Mechanism, and Applications

et al. 2018

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“…Briefly, a K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] aqueous solution (90 mL, 0.05 M) was added dropwise (1 mL/min) to a mixture of excess solutions of Co 2 + (150 mL, 0.05 M) and Mn 2 + (150 mL, 0.05 M) sulfates. Briefly, a K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] aqueous solution (90 mL, 0.05 M) was added dropwise (1 mL/min) to a mixture of excess solutions of Co 2 + (150 mL, 0.05 M) and Mn 2 + (150 mL, 0.05 M) sulfates.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimetallic Co²⁺ and Mn²⁺ Hexacyanoferrate for Hydrogen Peroxide Electrooxidation and Its Application in a Highly Sensitive Cholesterol Biosensor

et al. 2019

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In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of a bimetallic Prussian blue analogue containing Co and Mn as outer-sphere metals (CoMnHCF). The material was a solid solution and its characterization revealed a chemical composition of Co 2.05 Mn 0.95 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 2 · 12H 2 O. The electrochemistry of this novel material showed the existence of two redox waves displaying quasi-reversible kinetics, as expressed by the larger peak-to-peak separation upon increasing the potential sweep rate. Interestingly, the CoMnHCF solid exhibited high electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide, thus representing an appealing scaffold for the construction of biosensors. As a proof of concept, cholesterol oxidase was immobilized at the electrode surface by using a sol-gel method, and the cyclic voltammograms were recorded at increasing concentrations of cholesterol. The biosensor showed a detection limit of 30 μM and two linear ranges with excellent sensitivity of 385 mA cm À 2 M À 1 between 50 and 150 μM, and an adequate sensitivity of 80 mA cm À 2 M À 1 between 150 and 1 mM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first biosensor application of a pre-synthesized bimetallic hexacyanometallate, thus exploiting its potential as an H 2 O 2 electrooxidation catalyst.

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“…A simple, easy-to-use cholesterol sensor device is an attractive alternative to avoid this potential diagnostic delay. Other techniques which have been reported to detect lipid 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 levels are colorimetry [7], chromatography [8], spectrophotometry [9], electrochemiluminescence [10] and electrochemistry [11]. Due to its simplicity, economic feasability, rapid analysis and portability, electrochemistry is an interesting and widely studied technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single Drop Fabrication of the Cholesterol Biosensor Based on Synthesized NiFe₂O₄NPs Dispersed on PDDA‐CNTs

2017

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A cholesterol biosensor based on cholesterol oxidase‐poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)‐carbon nanotubes‐nickel ferrite nanoparticles (ChOx‐PDDA‐CNTs‐NiFe2O4NPs) solution is easily fabricated by using a single dropping step on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface. This technique is an alternative way to reduce complexity, cost and time to produce the biosensor. The uniformly dispersed materials on the electrode surface enhance the catalytic reaction of cholesterol oxidase and electron transfer from the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide in the system. The nickel ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by co‐precipitation and calcination at various temperatures. These nanoparticles were then characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized material calcined at 700 °C was well defined and presented the octahedral metal stretching with cubic NiFe2O4NPs phase. In cyclic voltammetric study, the ChOx‐PDDA‐CNTs‐NiFe2O4NPs/GCE showed 0.43 s−1 charge transfer rate constant (Ks), 7.79×10−6 cm2 s−1 diffusion coefficient value (D), 0.13 mm2 electroactive surface area (Ae) and 3.58×10−8 mol cm−2 surface concentration (γ ). This modified electrode exhibits stability in term of percent relative standard deviation (%RSD=0.62 %, n=10), reproducibility (%RSD=0.81, n=10), high sensitivity (25.76 nA per mg L−1 cm−2), linearity from 1 to 5,000 mg L−1 (R2=0.998) with a low detection limit (0.50 mg L−1). Its Michaelis‐Menten constant (Km) was 0.14 mM with 0.92 μA maximum current (Imax) and demonstrated good selectivity without the effects of electroactive species such as ascorbic acid, glucose and uric acid. The cholesterol biosensor was successfully applied to determine cholesterol levels in human blood samples, showing promise due to its simplicity and availability.

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Colorimetric detection of cholesterol based on highly efficient peroxidase mimetic activity of graphene quantum dots

Cited by 170 publications

References 48 publications

Carbon Nanozymes: Enzymatic Properties, Catalytic Mechanism, and Applications

Carbon Nanozymes: Enzymatic Properties, Catalytic Mechanism, and Applications

Bimetallic Co²⁺ and Mn²⁺ Hexacyanoferrate for Hydrogen Peroxide Electrooxidation and Its Application in a Highly Sensitive Cholesterol Biosensor

A Single Drop Fabrication of the Cholesterol Biosensor Based on Synthesized NiFe₂O₄NPs Dispersed on PDDA‐CNTs

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Colorimetric detection of cholesterol based on highly efficient peroxidase mimetic activity of graphene quantum dots

Cited by 170 publications

References 48 publications

Carbon Nanozymes: Enzymatic Properties, Catalytic Mechanism, and Applications

Carbon Nanozymes: Enzymatic Properties, Catalytic Mechanism, and Applications

Bimetallic Co2+ and Mn2+ Hexacyanoferrate for Hydrogen Peroxide Electrooxidation and Its Application in a Highly Sensitive Cholesterol Biosensor

A Single Drop Fabrication of the Cholesterol Biosensor Based on Synthesized NiFe2O4NPs Dispersed on PDDA‐CNTs

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Bimetallic Co²⁺ and Mn²⁺ Hexacyanoferrate for Hydrogen Peroxide Electrooxidation and Its Application in a Highly Sensitive Cholesterol Biosensor

A Single Drop Fabrication of the Cholesterol Biosensor Based on Synthesized NiFe₂O₄NPs Dispersed on PDDA‐CNTs