Colostrum yield and litter performance in multiparous sows subjected to farrowing induction

Otto, MA; Machado, AP; Moreira, L. P.; Bernardi, Mari Lourdes; Coutinho, Mariana Loner; Vaz, Itabajara S.; Wentz, Ivo; Bortolozzo, Fernando Pandolfo

doi:10.1111/rda.12975

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Inducing farrowing on day 114 of gestation had no negative effects on the farrowing process or litter characteristics, which is consistent with previous research using different induction protocols ( Otto et al, 2017 ; Vallet and Miles, 2017 ). It is important to note that all farrowings in this study were attended where sows were checked every 30 min and assistance in farrowing provided, resulting in a low incidence of stillbirths.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of induction on the farrowing process and piglet blood parameters at the time of farrowing1

Mills

Shirley

Sharp

et al. 2021

Translational Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Historically, sows have been induced to farrow using prostaglandin followed by an injection of oxytocin 24 hours later. Benefits of induction can include decreased rate of stillbirths, dystocia, and postnatal mortality along with increasing the likelihood of farrowings being attended. Several studies have indicated that oxytocin administration may negatively impact fetal oxygen supply during parturition, potentially from umbilical cords breaking prior to birth, resulting in increased preweaning mortality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if various induction protocols impact umbilical cord breakage and fetal blood parameters at birth. Fifty-eight primiparous and multiparous sows were assigned to one of three treatments: no induction (NO; n= 24), or 2 cc prostaglandin administered on d114 of gestation followed by either 1 cc of oxytocin 24 hours later (OXY24; n=13) or 0.5 cc of oxytocin at 6 and 12 hours after prostaglandin (OXY6; n=21). Details of the farrowing process were recorded, and umbilical cord blood was collected from piglets at birth and evaluated on an iSTAT machine using an Abbott EC8+ test cartridge. There were no differences in total born, number born alive, stillborns, mummies, or assistance needed during farrowing. Induced sows were more likely to farrow by d115 compared to naturally farrowing sows (P=0.02). Sows in the OXY24 treatment tended to have longer farrowings when compared to both NO and OXY6 (4.8 vs 3.6 vs 3.9 hours; P=0.09). Colostrum from OXY6 sows tended to have a greater amount of lactose present than NO and OXY24 (P=0.05). Colostrum from sows with longer gestation lengths had higher percent fat (P=0.03). Piglets born from NO sows had higher base excess, total carbon dioxide, and glucose which suggests that these piglets had prolonged moments of asphyxiation (P<0.01). OXY24 piglets had the lowest blood pH which is indicative of hypoxic birthing conditions (P<0.01). Preweaning mortality was driven largely by a low birth weight coupled with low colostrum intake (P=0.03). All piglets regardless of treatment, displayed signs of stress during farrowing. Induction did not influence preweaning mortality but has the potential to decrease the incidence by increasing attended farrowings.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of induction on the farrowing process and piglet blood parameters at the time of farrowing1

Mills

Shirley

Sharp

et al. 2021

Translational Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In another study, the proportions of sows needed farrowing assistance were 41.7 %, 53.6 %, and 26.7 % in control, single injection, and double injection of cloprostenol, respectively (Tospitakkul et al, 2019). Many previous studies reported that farrowing induction with cloprostenol did not change farrowing duration, birth interval, and stillbirth rate (Kaoket, 2006;Gunvaldsen et al, 2007;Gaggini et al, 2013;Otto et al, 2017;Vallet and Miles, 2017;Boonraungrod et al, 2018). Ward et al (2019) reported that each farrowing had about 0.8-1.1 dystocia events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Prostaglandins and its analogues can be used for farrowing induction (Decaluwé et al, 2014;Boonraungrod et al, 2018). Among them, cloprostenol is the most commonly used drug, and when program starts at day 114 of gestation the stillbirth rate (Gunvaldsen et al, 2007;Gaggini et al, 2013;Otto et al, 2017;Vallet and Miles, 2017;Boonrongraud et al, 2018;Tospitakkul et al, 2019), farrowing duration (Kaoket, 2006;Gaggini et al, 2013;Otto et al, 2017;Boonrongraud et al, 2018), and birth interval (Kaoket, 2006;Boonrongraud et al, 2018) are usually found unaltered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of dystocia at piglet level in cloprostenol-induced farrowings and associated risk factors

Nam

Sukon

2022

Arch. Anim. Breed.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Few studies have investigated risk factors for dystocia in swine, although this birthing abnormality can compromise welfare of both sows and piglets by increasing stillbirth rate and decreasing sow productivity. This study aimed to determine risk factors associated with dystocia at piglet level in cloprostenol-induced farrowings. A dystocia event was recorded when a birth interval exceeded 45 min or when manual extraction was applied. Data were collected from 898 piglets born from 77 Landrace × Yorkshire crossbred sows, which were induced for farrowing on day 114 of gestation. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were used to evaluate the association between dystocia and parity, gestation length, litter size, relative birth order (RBO (%) = 100 ⋅ birth order/litter size), birth weight, crown rump length, body mass index, ponderal index, piglet's sex, use of oxytocin, and stillbirth. Sows nested in farrowing batches were fitted as random factors in GLMMs. Incidence of dystocia at piglet and farrowing levels was 11.0 % and 75.3 %, respectively. The final multivariate model explained 20.1 % variation of dystocia. RBO had a quadratic effect on dystocia in which incidence of dystocia decreased from RBO ≤ 40 % to RBO = 60 %–70 %, and then increased to the end of parturition. Piglets with birth weight > 1700 g and stillborn piglets had higher odds of dystocia in comparison with piglets with a birth weight of 900–1700 g (OR = 2.63; 95 % CI = 1.66–4.18) and live-born piglets (OR = 2.62; 95 % CI = 1.12–6.15), respectively. This study indicates that dystocia is very common in cloprostenol-induced farrowings and suggests that the last one-third of parturitions is the most important stage to be supervised, and selection for homogenous litters and moderate high birth weight may reduce the rate of dystocia.

show abstract

“…Colostrum collected at the onset of parturition (T0) contained more lactose and less IgA when parturition was induced, whereas colostrum composition at T24 did not differ between sows with natural or induced farrowing (Foisnet et al, 2011). Farrowing induction had no effect on colostral concentrations of IgG (Foisnet et al, 2011;Otto et al, 2017). It is apparent that if farrowing induction is performed not earlier than one day before the expected farrowing date (based on individual monitoring or on the average farrowing date in the herd), no negative impact on colostrum yield is expected.…”

Section: Quesnel and Farmermentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: nutritional and endocrine control of colostrogenesis in swine

Quesnel

Farmer

2019

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Colostrum plays an essential role in ensuring the survival, growth and health of piglets by providing energy, nutrients, immunoglobulins, growth factors and many other bioactive components and cells. Both colostrum yield and composition are highly variable among sows, yet mechanisms and factors that regulate colostrogenesis are not fully known. Unlike sow milk yield, sow colostrum yield is not highly determined by litter size and suckling intensity but is largely driven by sow-related factors. Colostrum synthesis is under hormonal control, with prolactin and progesterone concentrations prepartum having, respectively, positive and negative influences on colostrum yield. Less is known about the endocrine control of the end of colostrogenesis in swine, which is characterized by the closure of tight junctions in the mammary epithelium and the cessation of transfer of immunoglobulin G (IgG) into lacteal secretions. Recent studies indicate that exogenous hormones may influence colostrogenesis. Inducing parturition by injecting prostaglandin F2α on day 114 of gestation in combination with an oxytocin-like molecule reduced colostrum yield, and injection of prostaglandin F2α alone either reduced colostrum yield or had no effect. Injecting a supraphysiological dose of oxytocin to sows in the early postpartum period delayed the tightening of mammary tight junctions, thereby prolonging the colostral phase and increasing concentrations of IGF-I and IgG and IgA in early milk. The development of strategies to improve colostrum composition in swine through maternal feeding has been largely explored but very few attempts were made to increase colostrum yield. This is most likely because of the difficulty in measuring colostrum yield in swine. The fatty acid content of colostrum greatly depends on the amount of lipids provided in the sow diet during late gestation, whereas the fatty acid profile is largely influenced by the type of lipid being fed to the pregnant sow. Moreover, various ingredients that presumably have immuno-modulating effects (such as fish oil, prebiotics and probiotics) increased concentrations of IgG, IgA and/or IgM in sow colostrum when they were provided during the last weeks of gestation. Finally, there is some evidence that sow nutrition during late gestation may influence colostrum yield but this clearly warrants more research. This review emphasizes that although progress has been made in understanding the control of colostrogenesis in swine, and that strategies exist to manipulate fat and immunoglobulin contents of colostrum, ways to increase colostrum yield are still lacking.

show abstract

Colostrum yield and litter performance in multiparous sows subjected to farrowing induction

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of induction on the farrowing process and piglet blood parameters at the time of farrowing1

Effects of induction on the farrowing process and piglet blood parameters at the time of farrowing1

Incidence of dystocia at piglet level in cloprostenol-induced farrowings and associated risk factors

Review: nutritional and endocrine control of colostrogenesis in swine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About