1999
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4660(199911)74:11<1009::aid-jctb153>3.0.co;2-n
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Colour in textile effluents - sources, measurement, discharge consents and simulation: a review

Abstract: This paper aims to review the problem of colour in textile ef¯uents, the different classes of dyes available and their contribution to the problem. Through new regulations, pressure is being placed on water companies all over the world to reduce the amount of colour in sewage ef¯uent. Dyes exhibit low toxicity to mammals and aquatic organisms and therefore colour consents are normally applied for aesthetic and industrial reasons rather than for prevention of toxicity. The absorbance, ADMI values and concentrat… Show more

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Cited by 805 publications
(386 citation statements)
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“…The effect of ions like chloride, sulphate nitrate and phosphate on the decolouration efficiency was studied and is tabulated in Table 1. The values in the table shows that the presence of Cl -, SO 4 2-and NO 3-anions leads to an increase of the effectiveness of the photo catalytic degradation and the presence of HPO4 2-anion decreases the photocatalytic efficiency. This is because in the case of chloride ions the formation of Cl • radical by the reaction of photo produced OH • with Cl -oxidizes pollutants results in increase in efficiency of degradation.…”
Section: Effect Of Ionsmentioning
confidence: 67%
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“…The effect of ions like chloride, sulphate nitrate and phosphate on the decolouration efficiency was studied and is tabulated in Table 1. The values in the table shows that the presence of Cl -, SO 4 2-and NO 3-anions leads to an increase of the effectiveness of the photo catalytic degradation and the presence of HPO4 2-anion decreases the photocatalytic efficiency. This is because in the case of chloride ions the formation of Cl • radical by the reaction of photo produced OH • with Cl -oxidizes pollutants results in increase in efficiency of degradation.…”
Section: Effect Of Ionsmentioning
confidence: 67%
“…This is because in the case of chloride ions the formation of Cl • radical by the reaction of photo produced OH • with Cl -oxidizes pollutants results in increase in efficiency of degradation. [24] Similarly the SO 4 2-ions adsorbed in the surface of TiO 2 react with photo-induced holes (h + ) to form sulphate radical anion ( • SO − 4 ) which is a strong oxidant [25]. The NO 3 -ions, weakly adsorbed on the surface of TiO 2 may cause acidification of the solution with the nitric acid and therefore increase the photocatalytic degradation by decreasing pH.…”
Section: Effect Of Ionsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Dye wastewater, which receives great concern due to its difficulty to treat, contains high intensity of color, high chemical oxygen demand (COD); and perhaps more serious, they are toxic and carcinogenic to aquatic living organisms [11,12]. Biological process is unlikely to achieve good performance if the biodegradability is not satisfactorily increased by chemical oxidation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%