Column-switching system with restricted access pre-column packing for an integrated sample cleanup and liquid chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis of alkylphenolic compounds and steroid sex hormones in sediment

Petrović, Mira; Tavazzi, Simona; Barceló, Damià

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01026-9

Cited by 80 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Normal phase and reverse-phase cartridges (e.g., silica or silica gel cartridges, and C 18 or HLB cartridges) are often applied in solid samples purification as demonstrated in the literature [10,11,28]. In this study, self-made silica gel cartridges and Oasis HLB cartridges were tested for the purification of the extracts of solid samples.…”

Section: Optimization Of Solid Sample Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) offers an alternate choice for determination of progestagens with the advantages of reduced analytical time and no derivatization steps. It has increasingly been applied to analyze progestagens in different environmental matrices due to its simplicity of operation, high selectivity, and excellent sensitivity [10][11][12][13]28]. In our previous study, a method for trace analysis of 28 steroids in surface water, wastewater, and sludge samples by LC-MS-MS was developed, which contained five progestagens [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study, a method for trace analysis of 28 steroids in surface water, wastewater, and sludge samples by LC-MS-MS was developed, which contained five progestagens [11]. Actually, a large number of progestagens are used as drugs in human and animals; unfortunately, only a limited number of progestagen compounds were included in previously reported methods [11,13,21,28,29]. It is necessary to develop a specialized method for simultaneous screening of various progestagens in more diverse environmental matrices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of 21 progestagens in various matrices by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) with diverse sample pretreatment

et al. 2014

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In this study, a highly sensitive and robust method using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry combined with solid-phase extraction and ultrasonic extraction for pretreatment and silica gel purification steps has been developed for determination of 21 natural and synthetic progestagens in river surface water and sediments, and influents, effluents, and sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants, and flush water and feces from swine farms. For the various matrices considered, the optimized method showed satisfactory performance with recoveries of 70-129 % (except AD, 5α-DHP, DPT, HPC), the limits of quantification below 2.30 ng/L for liquid samples and 2.59 ng/g for solid samples (except AD), and good linearity and reproducibility. This developed method was successfully applied in the analysis of progestagens in environmental samples from Liuxi Reservoir, Xintang municipal wastewater treatment plant, and Shunfeng swine farm in South China. Six analytes were detected at trace levels in surface water, effluent, and sediment samples. Seven analytes (0.7 (HPA)-35.1 ng/L (DGT)) were found in the influent samples and three analytes (5.6 (DGT)-11.8 ng/g (5α-DHP)) in the dewatered sludge samples. Moreover, 13 analytes were detected in swine farm, with high concentrations ranging from 23.8 ng/L (ET) to 5,024 ng/L (P) in flush water, and from 20.0 ng/g (MPA) to 1952 ng/g (P) in feces.

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Section: Optimization Of Solid Sample Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of 21 progestagens in various matrices by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) with diverse sample pretreatment

et al. 2014

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“…The ASE offers such advantages as faster sample preparation, reduction of solvent consumption (15-30 cm 3 of acetonitrile, water, methanol, acetone, dichloromethane or their mixtures) and possibility of automation isolation stage. The ASE technique allows for efficient extraction of a wide range of alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylate oligomers even in complex matrices like sludge [7,41], soil [41,42] and bottom sediment [43].…”

Section: Solid Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Surfactants in Environmental Samples. Part III. Non-Ionic Compounds

Olkowska¹,

Ruman²,

Kowalska³

et al. 2013

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Non-ionic surface active agents are a diverse group of chemicals which have an uncharged polar head and a non-polar tail. They have different properties due to amphiphilic structure of their molecules. Commercial available non-ionic surfactants consist of the broadest spectrum of compounds in comparison with other types of such agents. Typically, non-ionic compounds found applications in households and industry during formulation of cleaning products, cosmetics, paints, preservative coatings, resins, textiles, pulp and paper, petroleum products or pesticides. Their are one of the most common use class of surfactants which can be potential pollution sources of the different compartment of environment (because of they widely application or discharging treated wastewaters to surface water and sludge in agricultural). It is important to investigate the behavior, environmental fate of non-ionic surfactants and their impact on living organisms (they are toxic and/or can disrupt endocrine functions). To solve such problems should be applied appropriated analytical tools. Sample preparation step is one of the most critical part of analytical procedures in determination of different compounds in environmental matrices. Traditional extraction techniques (LLE -for liquid samples; SLE -for solid samples) are time and solvent-consuming. Developments in this field result in improving isolation efficiency and decreasing solvent consumption (eg SPE and SPME -liquid samples or PLE, SFE and MAE -solid samples). At final determination step can be applied spectrophotometric technique, potentiometric titrametration or tensammetry (determination total concentration of non-ionic surfactants) or chromatographic techniques coupled with appropriated detection techniques (individual analytes). The literature data concerning the concentrations of non-ionic surfactants in the different compartments of the environment can give general view that various ecosystems are polluted by those compounds.

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“…Analysis has predominately utilised GC/MS for steroid determination in solid matrices [6,7,23,24] although LC/MS is becoming more popular [9,[25][26][27] and may become the analytical tool of choice similar to other environmental contaminants and drug determination in the clinical field. A comparison of sensitivity between different analytical tools favoured LC/MS/MS > GC/MS/MS > LC/MS [28].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid-estrogen determination in sediment and sewage sludge: a critique of sample preparation and chromatographic/mass spectrometry considerations, incorporating a case study in method development

Gomes

Avcioglu

Scrimshaw

et al. 2004

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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Current analytical methods for determining steroids in sewage sludge and sediment are reviewed and experimental data comparing LC/MS ESI and GC/MS quantification of extracts from these matrices is presented. The effect of matrix influence on method analysis and steroid recoveries was investigated and a comparison of GC and LC determination with mass spectrometry performed. Consequently upon this, an environmental analytically robust methodology is presented and using this technique analysis of sediments determined E1 to be the main steroid (<18 ng/g), EE2 and E3 were determined at far lower concentrations with minimal detection of E2.

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Column-switching system with restricted access pre-column packing for an integrated sample cleanup and liquid chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis of alkylphenolic compounds and steroid sex hormones in sediment

Cited by 80 publications

References 17 publications

Analysis of 21 progestagens in various matrices by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) with diverse sample pretreatment

Analysis of 21 progestagens in various matrices by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) with diverse sample pretreatment

Determination of Surfactants in Environmental Samples. Part III. Non-Ionic Compounds

Steroid-estrogen determination in sediment and sewage sludge: a critique of sample preparation and chromatographic/mass spectrometry considerations, incorporating a case study in method development

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