Combination therapy: Photochemotherapy; electric current; and ionizing radiation. Different combinations studied in a WiDr human colon adenocarcinoma cell line

Ma, Liang; Iani, Vladimir; Moan, Johan Emelian

doi:10.1016/1011-1344(93)80177-b

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However the results presented are conflicting, with some authors presenting evidence of a synergistic interaction (Boegheim et al, 1987;Kostron et al, 1986;Berg et al, 1995), while other investigations show simple additive interaction (Bellnier and Dougherty 1986;Ben-Hur et al, 1988;Schnitzhofer and Krammer 1996). The picture is further complicated by some studies providing evidence of a synergistic effect or an antagonistic effect depending upon the conditions employed within a given system (Ma et al, 1993b, Berg et al, 1995. The causes for the conflicting literature on the combination of radiotherapy and PDT are unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Also shown on the figure are the calculated (theoretical) survival curves assuming any combined effect to be additive in nature induced inhibition of DNA repair can explain the conflicting results. Other authors (Kavarnos et al, 1994;Ma et al, 1993b;Berg et al, 1995) suggest that the variations observed in the interaction of PDT and ionizing radiation depend on dose and variation in timing between the two treatments. In vivo, photodynamic therapy is usually accompanied by severe microvascular changes (Nelson et al, 1987) associated with endothelial damage, microcirculatory stasis, platelet aggregation and haemorrhage, resulting in a coagulation necrosis (Bugelski et al, 1981;Selman et al, 1984;Star et al, 1986;Chaudhuri et al, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of photodynamic therapy in combination with ionizing radiation on human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck

2000

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a method for the treatment of cancer that involves the administration of systemic or topical photosensitizing drugs that are preferentially taken up by the tumour and then activated in the presence of light to cause tissue destruction (Dougherty, 1988). Photodynamic therapy works by the generation of singlet oxygen that results in damage to cell membrane structures, microvascular ischaemia, and tissue necrosis. Numerous clinical trials of photodynamic therapy have been conducted over the past decade and PDT has been approved for clinical use in recurrent bladder carcinomas, obstructing oesophageal tumours, and early carcinomas of the bladder, oesophagus, stomach, and tracheobronchial tree. PDT has also been shown to provide curative treatment of early carcinomas of the head and neck, including the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx (Biel, 1995;Feyh, 1996). Initially PDT was tested in advanced cancers of the head and neck that were untreatable or refractory to conventional therapy, however these trials produced only limited success (Schuller et al, 1984;Wile et al, 1984). A recent retrospective review of the clinical data available for the treatment of head and neck neoplasia using photodynamic therapy indicated that complete response rates of 89.5% are achievable for early squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (Biel, 1998). Based on a range of photosensitizers and treatment modalities, cure rates of 95% and 80% were obtained for carcinoma in situ and T1 squamous cell carcinoma of the vocal chord and oral cavity/tongue respectively (follow up 70 months) (Biel, 1998).Most of the available photosensitizers, until recently, have been mixtures of porphyrins such as haematoporphyrin derivative and Photofrin (Quadralogic Technologies, Vancouver, Canada). The main problem with these first-generation photosensitizers is that of prolonged skin photosensitivity. Phototoxic incidences of 20-40% have been reported during follow-up of patients having received Photofrin, with a mean duration of skin photosensitivity exceeding 6 weeks (Dougherty et al, 1990).The use of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) represents a different strategy in the administration of photosensitizers. ALA itself is not the photo-active drug, but rather it induces, in situ, the synthesis of a pure endogenous porphyrin called protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The formation of PpIX forms part of the haem synthesis pathway and all nucleated cells that use oxidative metabolism are probably capable of forming this photosensitizer. However, malignant tissue appears to preferentially accumulate PpIX, forming the basis of photodynamic therapy in cancer (Battle, 1993;Kennedy and Pottier, 1994). Intravenous ALA is rapidly cleared from the body, with no PpIX fluorescence within the skin or other body organs detectable after 24 h (Kennedy et al, 1991).Because of this reduced phototoxicity and excellent tumour localizing properties, ALA has been used with great success for the treatment of several neoplastic diseases, particularly of the skin, b...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of photodynamic therapy in combination with ionizing radiation on human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck

2000

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“…Nakano et al reported that the treatment rate of Bowen’s disease might be enhanced via combination therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid mediated PDT and radiation therapy ( Nakano et al, 2011 ). The combinations of two of the modalities of Photofrin II-sensitized photochemotherapy, an electric current and ionizing radiation were reported to act mainly additively or synergistically ( Ma et al, 1993 ).…”

Section: Photodynamic Therapy Combined With Other Therapy Modalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment and Diagnosis of Cancer–A Review of the Current Clinical Status

2021

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used as an anti-tumor treatment method for a long time and photosensitizers (PS) can be used in various types of tumors. Originally, light is an effective tool that has been used in the treatment of diseases for ages. The effects of combination of specific dyes with light illumination was demonstrated at the beginning of 20th century and novel PDT approaches have been developed ever since. Main strategies of current studies are to reduce off-target effects and improve pharmacokinetic properties. Given the high interest and vast literature about the topic, approval of PDT as the first drug/device combination by the FDA should come as no surprise. PDT consists of two stages of treatment, combining light energy with a PS in order to destruct tumor cells after activation by light. In general, PDT has fewer side effects and toxicity than chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. In addition to the purpose of treatment, several types of PSs can be used for diagnostic purposes for tumors. Such approaches are called photodynamic diagnosis (PDD). In this Review, we provide a general overview of the clinical applications of PDT in cancer, including the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Assessment of PDT therapeutic efficacy in the clinic will be discussed, since identifying predictors to determine the response to treatment is crucial. In addition, examples of PDT in various types of tumors will be discussed. Furthermore, combination of PDT with other therapy modalities such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery and immunotherapy will be emphasized, since such approaches seem to be promising in terms of enhancing effectiveness against tumor. The combination of PDT with other treatments may yield better results than by single treatments. Moreover, the utilization of lower doses in a combination therapy setting may cause less side effects and better results than single therapy. A better understanding of the effectiveness of PDT in a combination setting in the clinic as well as the optimization of such complex multimodal treatments may expand the clinical applications of PDT.

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“…In addition, it is expected that electric pulses will act to porate cells in vivo, leading to increased cellular uptake of the photosensitizer. A number of studies have demonstrated that electroporation (cell electropermeabilization, electrochemotherapy) is an important development for the in vitro (51) or in vivo (52,53) cellular delivery of a number of molecules. Because ALA–PDT relies on the intracellular conversion of ALA to PpIX, this is particularly critical.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Enhanced Percutaneous Delivery Of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Using Electric Pulses and a DC Potential¶

Johnson

Hui

Oseroff

2007

Photochemistry and Photobiology

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Selectivity of photodynamic therapy can be improved with localized photosensitizer delivery, but topical administration is restricted by poor diffusion across the stratum corneum. We used electric pulses to increase transdermal transport of δ‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a precursor to the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). ALA‐filled electrodes were attached to the surface of excised porcine skin or the dorsal surface of mice. Pulses were administered and, in some in vivo cases, a continuous DC potential (6 V) was concomitantly applied. For in vitro14C ALA penetration, 10 μm layers parallel to the stratum corneum were assayed by liquid scintillation analysis, and 10 μm cross sections were examined autoradiographically. As the electrical dose (voltage × frequency × pulse width × treatment duration) increased, there was an increase in penetration depth. In vivo delivery was assayed by measuring the fluorescence of PpIX in skin samples. A greater than two‐fold enhancement of PpIX production with electroporative delivery was seen versus that obtained with passive delivery. Superimposition of a DC potential resulted in a nearly three‐fold enhancement of PpIX production versus passive delivery. Levels were higher than the sum of PpIX detected after pulse‐alone and DC‐alone delivery. Electroporation and electrophoresis are likely factors in electrically enhanced delivery.

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Combination therapy: Photochemotherapy; electric current; and ionizing radiation. Different combinations studied in a WiDr human colon adenocarcinoma cell line

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of photodynamic therapy in combination with ionizing radiation on human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck

Effect of photodynamic therapy in combination with ionizing radiation on human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck

Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment and Diagnosis of Cancer–A Review of the Current Clinical Status

Electrically Enhanced Percutaneous Delivery Of δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Using Electric Pulses and a DC Potential¶

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