Combination therapy with CAR T cells and oncolytic viruses: a new era in cancer immunotherapy

Rezaei, Ramazan; Ghaleh, Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin; Farzanehpour, Mahdieh; Dorostkar, Ruhollah; Ranjbar, Reza; Bolandian, Masoumeh; Nodooshan, Majid Mirzaei; Alvanegh, Akbar Ghorbani

doi:10.1038/s41417-021-00359-9

Cited by 58 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Administration of oncolytic virus therapy, which utilizes genetically engineered viruses, such as adenovirus or vaccinia virus, to replicate in tumor cells, may improve CAR T cell function by stimulating interferon genes, induce recruitment of T cells, and reverse local immunosuppression, which can enhance CAR T cell infiltration into the tumor. 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 One study engineered an oncolytic virus to express RANTES and IL-15 in combination with GD2-targeted CAR T cell therapy. 95 In a preclinical neuroblastoma xenograft mouse model, the combined therapy demonstrated improved survival and higher CAR T cell infiltration rates compared with CAR T cell monotherapy.…”

Section: Cars Of the Future: Overcoming The Barriers For Effective Ce...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The next wave of cellular immunotherapies in pancreatic cancer

Yeo

Giardina

Saxena

et al. 2022

Molecular Therapy - Oncolytics

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Section: Cars Of the Future: Overcoming The Barriers For Effective Ce...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The next wave of cellular immunotherapies in pancreatic cancer

Yeo

Giardina

Saxena

et al. 2022

Molecular Therapy - Oncolytics

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“…However, CAR-T therapy elicits low therapeutic efficacy against solid tumors, possibly due to T cell hypofunction that hinders T cell infiltration and activity ( 241 , 242 ). Based on these backgrounds, there has been increasing number of reports investigating various OVs to improve the activity of CAR-T cell therapies ( 243 , 244 ). For example, oAd armed with the chemokine RANTES and IL-15 has been shown to facilitate migration and survival of CAR-T cells and enhance its cytolytic effect in preclinical setting ( 245 ).…”

Section: Ov In Combination Therapy Regimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current clinical landscape of oncolytic viruses as novel cancer immunotherapeutic and recent preclinical advancements

Yun

Hong²,

Yoon

2022

Front. Immunol.

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Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have been gaining attention in the pharmaceutical industry as a novel immunotherapeutic and therapeutic adjuvant due to their ability to induce and boost antitumor immunity through multiple mechanisms. First, intrinsic mechanisms of OVs that enable exploitation of the host immune system (e.g., evading immune detection) can nullify the immune escape mechanism of tumors. Second, many types of OVs have been shown to cause direct lysis of tumor cells, resulting in an induction of tumor-specific T cell response mediated by release of tumor-associated antigens and danger signal molecules. Third, armed OV-expressing immune stimulatory therapeutic genes could be highly expressed in tumor tissues to further improve antitumor immunity. Last, these OVs can inflame cold tumors and their microenvironment to be more immunologically favorable for other immunotherapeutics. Due to these unique characteristics, OVs have been tested as an adjuvant of choice in a variety of therapeutics. In light of these promising attributes of OVs in the immune-oncology field, the present review will examine OVs in clinical development and discuss various strategies that are being explored in preclinical stages for the next generation of OVs that are optimized for immunotherapy applications.

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“…Customized therapeutic vaccines can also be augmented by checkpoint inhibitor therapies [124]. Hence, future studies could consider combination immunotherapy to enhance the clinical responses, for example, immune checkpoint blockade combined with adoptive T-cell therapy [125,126] or combining CAR T cells therapy combined with Ankara-oncolytic virus [127].…”

Section: Expanding Ebv/npc-specific Immune Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the crosstalk between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment

Jiang

Yin

2022

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) arises from the epithelial cells located in the nasopharynx and has a distinct geographic distribution. Chronic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, as its most common causative agents, can be detected in 100% of NPC types. In-depth studies of the cellular and molecular events leading to immunosuppression in NPC have revealed new therapeutic targets and diverse combinations that promise to benefit patients with highly refractory, advanced and metastatic NPC. This paper reviews the mechanisms by which NPC cells to circumvent immune surveillance and approaches being attempted to restore immunity. We integrate existing insights into anti-NPC immunity and molecular signaling pathways as well as targeting therapies in anticipation of broader applicability and effectiveness in advanced metastatic NPC.

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Combination therapy with CAR T cells and oncolytic viruses: a new era in cancer immunotherapy

Cited by 58 publications

References 165 publications

The next wave of cellular immunotherapies in pancreatic cancer

The next wave of cellular immunotherapies in pancreatic cancer

Current clinical landscape of oncolytic viruses as novel cancer immunotherapeutic and recent preclinical advancements

Revealing the crosstalk between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment

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