Combined central and peripheral demyelination after COVID-19 vaccination

Coelho, Pedro; Paula, André; Martins, Isabel Vidal; Campos, Catarina Falcão de; Ferreira, João; Antunes, Ana; Albuquerque, Luı́sa

doi:10.1007/s00415-022-11188-7

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…No abnormal findings in the physical examinations of the patients were reported except in the study by Coelho et al, 4 which reported distal proprioception defect, weakened lower extremities reflexes, gait ataxia, and mixed ataxia in the lower extremities. Most of the evaluated patients did not receive any treatment as for their disorders.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…A total of 91 articles were selected and enrolled for evaluation of their full texts and 5 studies were included in this systematic review 4,[6][7][8][9] (Figure 2). The included studies were conducted in 5 different countries, including France (n = 1), 6 Germany (n = 1), 4 the United States (n = 1), 9 Italy (n = 1), 8 and Greece (n = 1). 7 All the included studies were published in 2021 and 2022.…”

Section: Overview Of the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 However, both anosmia and ageusia are related to the partial demyelination of related nerves with 165S the involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). 4 Anosmia and ageusia are not only limited to the course of the disease but also occur very rarely after the COVID-19 vaccination. Similarly, there have been reports of anosmia and ageusia after influenza or human papillomavirus vaccination in both pediatrics and adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anosmia or Ageusia Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review

Arabzadeh Bahri,

Esmaeilpur Abianeh,

Peisepar

et al. 2024

Ear Nose Throat J

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Aim: To systematically review the cases of anosmia or ageusia after receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed, to identify any published study that evaluated the anosmia or ageusia after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, including case reports, case series, letter to editor articles with reported cases regarding our topic, or observational studies with at least 1 eligible patient consisted with our criteria. We excluded the studies that reported anosmia or ageusia due to COVID-19 infection and non-COVID-19 vaccines. Results: Five studies consisting of 11 patients were included in this systematic review. Of the 11 patients, 5 patients had received the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine and 6 patients received the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, of which 6 patients developed symptoms after the first dose of vaccination and 5 patients were symptomatic after the second vaccine dose. Most of the patients developed symptoms within 1 week after the vaccination. The disorders of the patients included partial or total anosmia, parosmia, phantosmia, hyposmia, ageusia, and dysgeusia. Also, the patients had symptoms other than smell or taste disorders, including arthralgia, fever, chills, rhinorrhea, myalgia, abdominal pain, fatigue, muscle weakness, altered bowel pattern, aural fullness, tinnitus, and headache. Most of the evaluated patients did not receive any treatment as for their disorders. However, in some cases, treatment with oral corticosteroids or dietary supplementation was required. Conclusion: Anosmia and ageusia are important symptoms of COVID-19 vaccination. These symptoms will resolve without any treatment in most cases, although some interventions may be needed in some patients.

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Section: Diagnosis and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Overview Of the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anosmia or Ageusia Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review

Arabzadeh Bahri,

Esmaeilpur Abianeh,

Peisepar

et al. 2024

Ear Nose Throat J

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“…We thought that the possibility of BBE could not be ruled out, as her neurological findings suggested brainstem involvement. Meanwhile, the case of combined central and peripheral demyelination after the ChAdOx1 vaccine has been reported 4,5 . Combined central and peripheral demyelination is a rare demyelinating process that affects both the central and peripheral nervous system, which is known to be associated with anti‐neurofascin 155 antibodies 6 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…reported. 4,5 Combined central and peripheral demyelination is a rare demyelinating process that affects both the central and peripheral nervous system, which is known to be associated with anti-neurofascin 155 antibodies. 6 The present case was negative for anti-neurofascin 155 antibodies, and the patient's neuropathy was not the demyelinating type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐COVID‐19 vaccination Guillain–Barré syndrome with sensory ataxia, gaze‐evoked nystagmus, mental‐status change and positive pathological reflex

Saso

Toru

Iwasaru

et al. 2023

Clinical & Exp Neuroim

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BackgroundVarious neurological disorders have been reported after vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019, one of which is Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS).Case PresentationWe report a case of a 73‐year‐old woman who developed GBS and extra‐GBS manifestations 19 days after the second dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. She presented lower limb predominant muscle weakness and loss of tendon reflexes. Nerve conduction study showed acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy. In addition, she developed notable deep sensory ataxia, and showed positive pathological reflex, gaze‐evoked nystagmus and altered consciousness, which suggested brainstem involvement.ConclusionsThis is the first coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine‐related GBS complicated with such central nervous system manifestations.

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