Combined effects of bone morphogenetic protein-7 and mineral trioxide aggregate on the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells

Abstract

Combined effects of bone morphogenetic protein-7 and mineral trioxide aggregate on the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cellsBioactive molecules present the potential to be used along with biomaterials in vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontic treatment. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the combined use of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Methodology: For the proliferation analysis, DPSCs were incubated with a growth medium and treated with MTA and/or BMP-7 at different concentrations. For the following analyses, DPSCs were incubated with a differentiation medium and treated with MTA and/ or BMP-7. Moreover, there were groups in which DPSCs were incubated with the growth medium (control), the differentiation medium, or DMEM/F12 containing fetal bovine serum, and not treated with MTA or BMP-7. Cell proliferation was analyzed using the WST-1 assay. The odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by immunocytochemistry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, alizarin red staining, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell migration was evaluated using a wound-healing assay. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey test (p=0.05). Results: The use of BMP-7 with MTA presented no significant effect on cell proliferation in comparison with the treatment with MTA alone (p>0.05), but showed higher ALP activity, increased mineralization, and higher expression of DMP1 and DSPP when compared with other groups (p<0.05). Nestin expression was higher in the control group than in groups treated with MTA and/or BMP-7 (p<0.05). The cell migration rate increased after treatment with MTA when compared with other groups in all periods of time (p<0.05). At 72 hours, the wound area was smaller in groups treated with MTA and/ or BMP-7 than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The use of BMP-7 with MTA increased odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation without adversely affecting proliferation and migration of DPSCs. The use of BMP-7 with MTA may improve treatment outcomes by increasing repair and regeneration capacity of DPSCs.

Tratamentos conservadores da polpa e sua aplicabilidade: revisão de literatura

“…O propósito da abordagem terapêutica para a polpa dentária vital, engloba técnicas como capeamento pulpar direto, curetagem pulpar (pulpotomia parcial) e pulpotomia, que consistem em manter a vitalidade do tecido pulpar (KÜÇÜKKAYA EREN et al, 2022).…”

“…Nos períodos recentes, o emprego de biomateriais tem ganhado relevância devido à sua notável biocompatibilidade, capacidade bioativa e eficaz selamento, sendo utilizados nos tratamentos conservadores da polpa (KÜÇÜKKAYA EREN et al, 2022).…”

“…Devido as suas habilidades de estimulação, compatibilidade com o organismo e propriedades biologicamente ativas, o MTA demonstra conexões com resultados positivos no contexto clínico. Contudo, é importante notar que o sucesso do MTA pode apresentar variações,influenciadas tanto pelo diagnóstico da condição da polpa dentária quanto pelo tipo específico de terapia pulpar realizada(KÜÇÜKKAYA et al, 2022).O Biodentine é um material à base de silicato de cálcio que tem chamado atenção nos últimos anos por suas propriedades físico-químicas e biocompatibilidade tecidual. Foi projetado como um substituto permanente e biocompatível da dentina que poderia ser aplicado em uma sessão as interações desse material com tecidos duros e moles, tanto no procedimento de capeamento direto, levam a um selamento marginal e fornecem proteção à polpa subjacente, induzindo a síntese da dentina terciária (KUNERT & LUKOMSKA-SZYMANSKA, 2020).…”

The Migration and the Fate of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

“…Emblematic of factors eventually present on the ECM is the example of stromal cellderived factor 1 (SDF1), which is a chemokine released by injured tissues as brain, hearth and bone. In vitro studies showed that SDF1 improved DPSC migration [15,40] and in combination with other chemo-attractants such as bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and exendin-4 (EX-4), improved the efficiency of the osteogenic differentiation of DPSC and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) [18,41,42,117]. Other growth factors, such as glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) [22] and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), promoted DPSC migration and enhanced the osteo/odontogenic and neurogenic differentiation of DPSCs [43].…”