Combined Effects of Deep Eutectic Solvents and Pulsed Electric Field Improve Polyphenol-Rich Extracts from Apricot Kernel Biomass

Apricot kernels are known to be rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, which have applications in various fields such as cosmetology and the food industry. However, the extraction of these compounds has not been extensively studied. In this study, we aimed to extract oil from apricot kernels and investigate its composition and antioxidant properties. Samples from two years of apricot cannery by-products were used in the study. We employed a common extraction procedure using hexane as a solvent, followed by an analysis of the oil’s fatty acid composition and determination of its antioxidant properties using several methods. Our results indicated that the oil extracted from apricot kernels is rich in oleic and palmitoleic acids, which exhibit health benefits. As regards the volatile compounds of the oil, 2-methyl propanal, benzaldehyde, and benzyl alcohol were detected as the main compounds. Benzaldehyde was also found to be the main component of the essential oil of the kernel. Furthermore, the oil exhibited low antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by its ability to scavenge free radicals. Overall, our findings suggest that apricot kernels are a valuable source of oil with potential applications in the food and cosmetic industries.

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“…An analysis of TFC was carried out based on a previous study [17]. Detailed information is given in the Supplementary material.…”

Section: Total Flavonoid Content (Tfc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Apricot Kernel Oil

et al. 2023

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“…This treatment leads to the electroporation of cell membranes, which, in turn, facilitates the entry of solvents into the cells and promotes the enhanced transfer of dissolved compounds (Raso et al, 2016;Carpentieri et al, 2021b). This technique has shown promise in intensifying the recovery of natural pigments and bioactive compounds from various food processing by-products such as blueberry press cake, cocoa bean shell, coffee silverskin, grape pomace, potato peels, apricot kernel, and sweet and sour cherry pomace (Bobinaitė et al, 2017;Pataro et al, 2017a;Pataro et al, 2017b;Barbosa-Pereira et al, 2018;Frontuto et al, 2019;Carpentieri et al, 2022;Makrygiannis et al, 2023), while reducing energy costs, solvent consumption, extraction temperature, and diffusion time (Frontuto et al, 2019;Martín-García et al, 2020;Carpentieri et al, 2021a;Carpentieri et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the solvent extraction process for high-value compounds from sweet cherry press cake treated with pulsed electric fields using response surface methodology

Rrucaj,

Carpentieri,

Siano

et al. 2023

Front. Food. Sci. Technol.

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Introduction: Cherry juice production generates substantial cherry processing by-products, presenting a significant environmental challenge. The valorization of these by-products can not only reduce management costs but also enhance profitability by recovering valuable intracellular compounds.Methods: This study aimed at the extraction of bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant activity from sweet cherry press cake using Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF)-assisted extraction. PEF pre-treatment, carried out using a predetermined field strength (E = 3 kV/cm) and total specific energy input (WT = 10 kJ/kg), was applied to the cherry press cake prior to the subsequent solid-liquid extraction (SLE) stage. To optimize the SLE process for both untreated and PEF-treated samples, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to determine the most effective extraction parameters, including extraction temperature (20–50°C), solvent concentration (0–50% ethanol in water), solid-liquid ratio (0.05–0.2 g/mL), and diffusion time (30–360 min). The objective was to maximize key response variables: total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (FC), total anthocyanin content (TAC), and antioxidant activity (FRAP). The extracts obtained from both untreated and PEF-treated samples under optimal conditions underwent HPLC-DAD analysis.Results and discussion: The results revealed that, under optimized SLE conditions (50°C, 50% ethanol-water mixture, 0.2 g/mL solid-liquid ratio, and 360 min extraction time), PEF pre-treatment significantly enhanced the extractability of high-value compounds. This resulted in notable increases in TPC (+26%), FC (+27%), TAC (+42%), and antioxidant activity (+44%) compared to conventional SLE. Additionally, the application of PEF reduced extraction time (by 5–18 min) and solvent usage (by 2%). HPLC analysis identified cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside as the predominant phenolic compound in both untreated and PEF-treated extracts, with a remarkable increase (+2.3-fold) after PEF application. These findings underscore the potential of PEF-assisted extraction as a promising approach to maximize the recovery of valuable compounds from sweet cherry press cake, contributing to food waste reduction and enhanced value generation from by-products.

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“…The TPC was evaluated according to a previous methodology [22]. An Eppendorf tube was used to mix 100 µL of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent with 100 µL of a sample extract.…”

Section: Total Polyphenol Content (Tpc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation into Crithmum maritimum L. Leaves as a Source of Antioxidant Polyphenols

Chatzimitakos,

Athanasiadis,

Makrygiannis

et al. 2023

Compounds

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Crithmum maritimum, commonly known as rock samphire, is a plant species with a long history of use in traditional medicine and cuisine, especially in the Mediterranean region. Despite its potential therapeutic and commercial applications, the number of studies on this plant species are scanty and sparse. The aim of this study was to optimize the solid–liquid extraction of bioactive compounds from C. maritimum leaves through response surface methodology (RSM) and to comprehensively analyze the resulting extracts. Experimental parameters including liquid-to-solid ratio, solvent composition, extraction time, and temperature were investigated. The results of the RSM revealed a notable variation in the values of the extracted bioactive compounds (polyphenols, carotenoids, and chlorophylls), indicating the selection of optimum extraction conditions. Partial least squares analysis showed that solvent composition and extraction temperature had a significant impact on the extraction of the bioactive compounds. Consequently, these conditions required a 145-min extraction at 80 °C, using a solvent consisting of 45% v/v ethanol, and a 40:1 liquid-to-solid ratio. The optimum extract was analyzed using a range of assays to determine their polyphenol content, their content in chlorophylls and carotenoids, and their antioxidant potential via FRAP and DPPH assays. The total polyphenol content was measured at 15.11 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g. High-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) analysis revealed that chlorogenic acid was the most prevalent polyphenol (9.35 mg/g) in C. maritimum leaves. Kaempferol 3-glycoside (1.81 mg/g), naringin (1.24 mg/g), and hesperidin (0.79 mg/g) were some polyphenolic compounds that had also been quantified. Total carotenoids (0.32 μg/g) and total chlorophylls (0.62 μg/g) were also measured. Multivariate correlation analysis and principal component analysis revealed that total carotenoids and chlorophylls had a strong negative correlation with total polyphenol content. The reducing power (FRAP assay) of the optimized extract had a value of 85.52 μmol ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/g, whereas the antiradical activity (DPPH assay) was measured at 25.57 μmol AAE/g. Given the high quantity of polyphenols, these results highlight the potential use of C. maritimum as a source of bioactive compounds in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

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Combined Effects of Deep Eutectic Solvents and Pulsed Electric Field Improve Polyphenol-Rich Extracts from Apricot Kernel Biomass

Cited by 9 publications

References 45 publications

Exploring the Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Apricot Kernel Oil

Exploring the Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Apricot Kernel Oil

Optimizing the solvent extraction process for high-value compounds from sweet cherry press cake treated with pulsed electric fields using response surface methodology

An Investigation into Crithmum maritimum L. Leaves as a Source of Antioxidant Polyphenols

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