Combined exposure to nicotine and ethanol in adolescent mice differentially affects memory and learning during exposure and withdrawal

Abreu‐Villaça, Yael; Medeiros, Ana Heloisa de; Lima, Carla S.; Faria, Felipe P.; Filgueiras, Cláudio C.; Manhães, Alex C.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.03.035

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…This possible anxiogenic state would be consistent with the increase in seizure severity found in the present study, leaving the adult in a more vulnerable state for relapse and abuse. Although Abreu-Villaça and colleagues (2007, 2008) did not replicate their study with the initial exposure to the drugs administered during adulthood, as in the present study, our findings suggest that the co-use of these drugs during the adolescent developmental period results in a unique interaction within the developing brain which results in long-term changes. Clearly, the interaction between ethanol and nicotine is interesting and warrants further study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…Recently, Abreu-Villaça and colleagues (Abreu-Villaça et al, 2007; Abreu-Villaça et al, 2008) reported that adolescent mice exposed to ethanol and/or nicotine demonstrate differential long-term effects on anxiety and learning. That is, ethanol and nicotine seemed to have both synergistic and less than additive long-term effects when administered during adolescence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of a chronic adolescent nicotine exposure on ethanol withdrawal severity during adulthood in C3H mice

Riley

Zalud

Diaz-Granados

2010

Alcohol

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Animal and human studies have shown tolerance, consumption, relapse, and behavioral interactions between ethanol and nicotine, but little is understood about their interaction, especially as it relates to ethanol withdrawal in adulthood for subjects who have an adolescent history of using these drugs. This study investigated nicotine’s influence on ethanol withdrawal seizures in two different age groups of male C3H mice. Adolescent and adult male C3H mice, beginning at postnatal day (PD) 28 or 70, respectively, were subjected to a 7 day chronic exposure to ethanol only, ethanol plus nicotine, nicotine only, or vehicle treatment. Six weeks later, all groups were subjected to chronic exposure to ethanol vapors and the severity of their ethanol withdrawal seizures was assessed by handling-induced convulsions (HIC). An adolescent exposure to chronic nicotine resulted in an exacerbation of ethanol withdrawal seizures in adulthood. Given this, adolescence may contain a neurophysiological critical period that is sensitive to nicotine and which may result in an altered response to ethanol dependency in adulthood. These findings have serious implications for the long-term consequences following co-abuse of these drugs during adolescence.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of a chronic adolescent nicotine exposure on ethanol withdrawal severity during adulthood in C3H mice

Riley

Zalud

Diaz-Granados

2010

Alcohol

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“…Regular smokers tend to smoke intermittently in order to maintain blood levels of nicotine above a minimum effective concentration during their active period. Therefore, in keeping with earlier experimental designs (Abreu‐Villaça et al, 2006, 2007, 2008), we chose to give animals free access to a nicotine solution in the drinking water, which allows for consumption during their active time. For ethanol, we chose a moderate dose to be injected (i.p.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased apoptosis and reduced neuronal and glial densities in the hippocampus due to nicotine and ethanol exposure in adolescent mice

Oliveira-da-Silva

Vieira

Cristina-Rodrigues

et al. 2009

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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It has been recently shown that nicotine and ethanol interact during adolescence affecting memory/learning and anxiety levels. Considering the role of the hippocampus in both anxiety and memory/learning, we investigated whether adolescent nicotine and/or ethanol administration elicit apoptotic cell death and whether this results in neuronal and/or glial density alterations in the following regions of the hippocampus: granular layer of the dentate gyrus (GrDG), molecular layer (Mol), CA1, CA2 and CA3. From the 30th to the 45th postnatal day, C57BL/6 male and female mice were exposed to nicotine free base (NIC) and/or ethanol (ETOH). Four groups were analyzed: (1) concomitant NIC (50mug/ml in 2% saccharin to drink) and ETOH (25%, 2g/kg i.p. injected every other day) exposure; (2) NIC exposure; (3) ETOH exposure; (4) vehicle. We evaluated cell degeneration (TUNEL assay), neuronal and glial densities (optical disector) and region thicknesses at the end of the period of exposure. Our results demonstrate that ETOH elicited an increase in TUNEL-positive cells relative to the vehicle group in all hippocampal regions. NIC elicited less severe region-dependent effects: the number of TUNEL-positive cells was significantly increased in the Mol and CA1 when compared to the vehicle group. These results were paralleled by reductions in neuronal and glial cells densities, which indicate that both cell types are sensitive to the neurotoxic effects of these drugs. There were no effects on region thicknesses. On the other hand, concomitant NIC and ETOH reduced the adverse effects of the drugs when administered separately. This ability of nicotine and ethanol co-exposure to lessen the adverse effects of nicotine and ethanol may contribute to adolescents co-use and co-abuse of tobacco and alcoholic beverages.

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“…There is considerable literature demonstrating differences between adolescents' and adults' withdrawal from nicotine and alcohol. Adolescent rodents exhibit milder affective signs, such as aversion and anxiety, during nicotine and alcohol withdrawal as compared to adults (Wilmouth and Spear, 2006; O'Dell et al, 2006, 2007; Doremus-Fitzwater and Spear, 2007; Kota et al, 2007; Abreu-Villaça et al, 2007). Reduced negative affects during abstinence from both tobacco/nicotine (Smith et al, 2008) and cannabis/marijuana (Vandrey et al, 2005; Budney et al, 1999) were also reported in adolescent humans as compared to adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different affective response to opioid withdrawal in adolescent and adult mice

et al. 2009

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Aims: Drug withdrawal is suggested to play a role in precipitating mood disorders in individuals with familial predisposition. Age-related differences in affective responses to withdrawal might explain the increased risk of mental illnesses when drug use begins during adolescence. Since there is a lack of animal research examining the effects of opioid withdrawal during adolescence, the present study examined whether there are age-related differences in affective responses to opioid withdrawal.Main methods: Adolescent and adult mice were injected with two different morphine regimens, namely low and high, which differed in the dosage. Three and nine days following discontinuation of morphine administration, immobility time in the forced swim test (FST) and locomotion (total distance traveled) were evaluated.Key findings: On withdrawal day 3 (WD3), adolescent mice exhibited a decrease in immobility as compared to controls. No significant differences in immobility were observed on withdrawal day 9 (WD9). This effect on FST behaviors was not due to changes in overall motor activity, since no differences in locomotion were observed on either WD3 or WD9 in adolescent mice. In adults, no differences in either FST or locomotor behaviors were observed on WD3. As expected, on WD9, adult mice exhibited an increase in immobility and a decrease in locomotion.Significance: This study demonstrates age-dependent differences in both FST scores and locomotor behaviors during opioid withdrawal. FST behaviors are classically used to evaluate mood in rodents, thus this study suggests that opioid withdrawal might affect mood differentially across age.

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Combined exposure to nicotine and ethanol in adolescent mice differentially affects memory and learning during exposure and withdrawal

Cited by 33 publications

References 99 publications

The influence of a chronic adolescent nicotine exposure on ethanol withdrawal severity during adulthood in C3H mice

The influence of a chronic adolescent nicotine exposure on ethanol withdrawal severity during adulthood in C3H mice

Increased apoptosis and reduced neuronal and glial densities in the hippocampus due to nicotine and ethanol exposure in adolescent mice

Different affective response to opioid withdrawal in adolescent and adult mice

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