Combined Stable Isotopes and Multi-element Analysis to Research the Difference Between Organic and Conventional Chicken

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the difference of chicken from organic and conventional systems. Chicken samples from three farms (Beijing conventional farm, Beijing organic farm, and Jilin organic farm) of each type were measured for contents of protein and fat, stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios, and concentrations of 12 mineral elements (Na, Mg, K, Ca, V, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Rb, Ba, and Pb). As a result, the chicken of two organic groups (Beijing organic and Jilin organic) yielded more protein than the Beijing conventional group. The nitrogen and carbon stable isotope ratios of de-fatted chicken from organic groups were higher than those of conventional ones. Mineral elements in de-fatted chicken samples showed significant differences (p < 0.05) except for Mg. The analysis data of stable isotope ratios and multielements were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA). The organic and conventional groups can be clearly classified through PCA. The combination of stable isotopes and multi-elements can further classify the geographical origin of chicken. The research work brought about a discovery of the difference between the organic and conventional chicken.

Determination of geographical origin of concentrated apple juice through analysis of stable isotopic and mineral elemental fingerprints: preliminary results

“…Analysis of carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in the 135 concentrated juice samples was performed by IRMS. Briefly, 1 μL was pipette transferred into 8 mm × 5 mm isotope grade silver capsules and folded into tiny balls 29 . The carbon was converted into carbon dioxide gas at either 1000 °C in an oxidation tube or 600 °C in a reduction tube.…”

Two new defatted beef reference materials, CAAS‐1801 and CAAS‐1802, for carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio measurements

“…The δ 13 C value represents the heavy‐to‐light isotope abundance ratios of carbon, and the δ 15 N value represents the heavy‐to‐light isotope abundance ratios of nitrogen . Multi‐stable isotope analysis is considered an effective method in the field of geographical origin and adulteration analysis, and this is increasingly applied to meat products . The δ 15 N value can distinguish farming methods of cattle and different fertilization of pastoral areas and agricultural animal feeds .…”

“…3 Multi-stable isotope analysis is considered an effective method in the field of geographical origin and adulteration analysis, and this is increasingly applied to meat products. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The δ 15 N value can distinguish farming methods of cattle and different fertilization of pastoral areas and agricultural animal feeds. 11,12 The δ 13 C value of beef can predict the proportion of C 4 and C 3 plants in its diet.…”

Rastreabilidade da carne bovina brasileira avaliada por técnicas isotópicas e quimiométricas

“…Estudos sobre a composição mineralógica de carnes têm sido relatados, empregando espectrometria de massas com plasma indutivamente acoplado [77][78][79] e análise por ativação neutrônica instrumental [34]. Técnicas multielementares foram utilizadas para determinar origem geográfica da carne de carneiro [80] e de aves [81], bem como diferenciar sistemas de criação orgânico e convencional de carne de porco [82] e de frango [83]. Isótopos estáveis de carbono, nitrogênio, oxigênio, hidrogênio e enxofre permitiram a determinação da origem geográfica de carne bovina [30,75,77,84].…”