Combined titanium-steel structures formation by directed energy deposition using vanadium and nickel interlayers

Abstract

The possibility of obtaining a combined titanium-steel construction by directed energy deposition using vanadium or vanadium/nickel interlayers. Vanadium wire VnPr-1, nickel wire NP1 grade and welding wires Sv-08G2S, 316L, MSG NiFe-1 grades were used for deposition on the end of the titanium plate VT1-0. The use of vanadium as an interlayer deposited on titanium makes it possible to provide a joining with a stable structure, steady hardness distribution and acceptable manufacturability. The content of dissolved titanium in the vanadium layer negatively influence on the subsequent deposition of steel, nickel or iron-nickel alloy. Therefore, the titanium content was reduced to the level of ˂0.5% by deposition at least 4 vanadium beads. The results of tensile tests showed that all specimens failed in the elastic section mostly along the interlayers between vanadium and subsequent layers of low-carbon steel, nickel and iron-nickel alloys deposited on it. The only specimen was destroyed along the titanium-vanadium interlayer probably due to brittle ω–phase formation.