Combining biocontrol agents with different mechanisms of action to control Duponchelia fovealis, an invasive pest in South America

Synergistic Effect of Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma asperellum to Induce Maize (Zea mays L.) Defense against the Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) and Larval Immune Response

“…[86]. A study by [87] stated that combined application of biocontrol agents by different mechanisms can effectively control the incidence of Duponchelia fovealis in strawberry plants. The advantages of fungal BCAs in economic mass production, easy-to-use formulation, sustainable control efficacy and environmental safety suggest a bright future of mycoinsecticides and mycoacaricides not only in China but also in the world.…”

Compatibility between Entomopathogenic Fungi and Egg Parasitoids (Trichogrammatidae): A Laboratory Study for Their Combined Use to Control Duponchelia fovealis

“…Meanwhile, this study suggests that the residual effects of these biocontrol agents on T. atopovirilia and T. pretiosum were minimal. Moreover, these EF strains have shown low adverse impacts on two natural enemies of D. fovealis that are commonly present in Brazilian strawberry fields, Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) [ 16 ]. Thus, the combined use of these biological control agents may be suitable for IPM programs.…”

“…Entomopathogenic fungi (EF) are a potential component of integrated pest management (IPM) programs for strawberry cultivation [ 14 ]. While some studies have reported laboratory infections of non-target organisms [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], EF are less effective under field conditions [ 18 ], and generally do not harm ecosystem service providers such as pollinators, earthworms, predatory arthropods, and parasitoids, when at low concentrations. However, given the potential of EF to have negative side effects on biocontrol agents [ 19 ], preliminary studies are necessary to evaluate the compatibility of EF with other beneficial organisms.…”

“…Combining biological control agents like egg parasitoids and EF may result in more effective pest control [ 16 , 19 , 24 ]. For instance, the selectivity of B. bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin to T. pretiosum was assessed previously, and the results suggested that the simultaneous use of both EF with this parasitoid is possible [ 27 ].…”

“…The interaction between T. pretiosum and the two strains of B. bassiana used against Ephestia kuniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was considered innocuous because the parasitism rate was reduced by less than 30% when these fungal strains were applied either pre- or post-parasitism [ 22 ]. Given these results, further studies are needed to determine how to combine different biological control agents without impairing their effectiveness while developing strategies that may improve their efficacy [ 16 , 17 ].…”